aS a 
The development of leaves in parts of Eriogonum amounts to lit- a 
tle. The development of wings and ribs in the Umbellifere has 
been greatly overestimated taxonomically. The whole tendency 
of field study has been to reduce and not multiply species. It is 
true that certain persons after limited field study have proposed 
_ the splitting up of many species but it is only in exceptional cases 
that this has ben sustained by exhaustive field work. Of late the 
tendency to ignore ecological conditions in the making of specific 
names has been particularly vicious. 
Mr. Heller is right when he says that no one makes or un- a 
makes a species. They either exist in nature or they do not ex- = 
ist at all. The careful field botanist knows that in ninety-five per- z 
cent of the cases species have well defined limitations easily rec- 
ognizable as they grow. The few not easily distinguished are 
ber of new species that do not fit these “segregates” oF - 
than the old species and so they pile up more new names. 00¢ : 
s oa f [schoscholtzia. 
made many untenable species in fina ee 
Eriogonum, Phlox, Scirpus, Carex, Sitanion, and the Pee an | 
etc. In nearly every case these specific names have been made by s 
