PROPAGATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF FOOD FISHES, 1932 553 



tion of a new hatchery at Butte Falls, Oreg., appears elsewhere. 

 Extensive niarkins; experiments, for the purpose of securing data on 

 the migration of sockeye salmon, were conducted by the superintend- 

 ent of the Birds view (Wash.) station. A new highway, permitting 

 access by means other than the pack-horse method to the Baker Lake 

 (Wash.) station, was under construction by the United States Bureau 

 of Public Roads. Close observation of the run of salmon in Baker 

 River, so seriously affected by the large power dam at Concrete, 

 W^ash., was maintained during the year and revealed a run somewhat 

 larger than that of the previous year. It is becoming increasingly 

 evident, however, that this structure is having a most injurious effect 

 upon an important fishery resource. 



Great Lakes species. — Output figures show a decline from last year 

 in all of the commercial species of the Great Lakes with the exception 

 of pike perch. Whitefish and cisco were produced in numbers mate- 

 rially less than in the previous year. The unusually prolonged period 

 of warm weather prevailing during the late fall and early winter had 

 a noticeable effect on the collections of whitefish and lake trout eggs, 

 and it resulted in a somewhat poor quality of eggs taken during the 

 early part of the season. 



The work with the commercial species was quite heavily curtailed 

 in the New York field. Onh^ negligible quantities of whitefish and 

 lake trout eggs were secured from Lake Ontario for stocking the Cape 

 Vincent hatchery, and the cisco (lake herring) egg collections were 

 sharply reduced from the average production. Extensive subsidiary 

 activities connected with the propagation of game fish were in progress 

 at the Cape Vincent station, however. This work comprises the 

 operation of smallmouth bass ponds and the results of the year's 

 work were very successful, almost 300,000 fingerlings and advanced 

 fry being produced and distributed. The artificial cultivation of 

 daphnia, a live food for the young bass, has been developed at this 

 station to a high degree of practical efficiency. The Cape Vincent 

 station also maintains substations for the rearing of trout at Barne- 

 veld, Cortland, and Watertown, N. Y., and from these points ap- 

 proximately 1,000,000 trout of four species were distributed in the 

 course of the year. The substation at Swanton, Vt., maintained 

 cooperatively by the States of Pennsylvania and Vermont and the 

 Bureau of Fisheries, is administered by the Cape Vincent station for 

 the propagation of pike perch. During the early part of the spawning 

 season weather and other conditions indicated that the output of pike 

 perch would be limited. Toward the close of the season, however, 

 a large number of fish appeared on the spawning grounds and egg 

 collections were increased to a very satisfactory degree. 



Throughout the entire Great Lakes area there was a phenomenal 

 run of pike perch during the spawning season, with the result that all 

 of the bureau's Michigan hatcheries and the hatchery at Put-in Bay, 

 Ohio, were filled to capacity with eggs, as were also the State hatcher- 

 ies within this area. Furthermore, the eggs were of good quality and 

 an excellent percentage of hatch was attained. The closure of Isle 

 Royale (Mich.) waters to commercial fishing materially reduced the 

 collection of lake trout and whitefish eggs in the Minnesota field, and 

 approximately 8,000,000 lake trout and less than 1,000,000 whitefish 

 constituted the year's output of these species from the Duluth 

 hatchery. Pike perch eggs, collected in cooperation with the State 



