496 U. S} BUREAU OF FISHERIES 
carp, buffalo fish, and catfish. Those having window displays of 
fresh fish show these products on crushed ice in metal pans. Others 
have no window displays. One side of the interior usually contains a 
wooden, metal-lined display case of various dimensions, ranging 
from 5 to 8 or more feet in length, 214 feet high, sloping to the front, 
and about 3 feet wide. Crushed ice is placed in the bottom of such a 
case, upon which the fish are laid. Sometimes the fish are placed in 
porcelain pans, the pans resting on crushed ice. Usually a glass 
cover fits over the top of the case to keep off insects and dust. An 
ice box of much the same dimensions as the display case, but with a 
wooden cover instead of glass, is used for storing the reserve supply 
of fish. Some of the larger firms have insulated cold rooms for storing 
the reserve supply. Some of the firms that sell live fish have an 
auxiliary metal or concrete tank containing live fish in the rear of 
the storeroom. 
Should other products be sold, one usually finds opposite the fish 
display cages containing live poultry or counters upon which are 
displayed fruits and vegetables. 
Window displays —Window displays of fishery products were made 
by 27 stores at all times. Of these, 20 consisted of glass aquaria and 
7 of cured, fresh, or frozen fish. Occasional displays were made by 7 
other firms. Of the window displays of cured, fresh, or frozen fish, 
7 were inclosed in glass, 3 used the original containers to display cured 
fish, and 9 used metal pans filled with crushed ice, upon which the 
fresh or frozen fish were displayed. Of the latter, 4 placed the fish, 
garnished with greens, first in porcelain pans and then on the crushed 
ice. 
Inside displays.—Inside displays were made by 60 firms, of which 
50 were metal-lined display cases (described above) filled with crushed 
ice, directly upon which the fish were laid. Earthen jars for holding 
oysters were sunk, neck deep, in the crushed ice. * Sunken white 
porcelain counters were used by 4 stores. These were filled with 
crushed ice and the fish were arranged in porcelain pans laid upon 
the ice. Raised-edge metal-covered tables were used by 3 stores, 
while 3 other stores used only their ice boxes with the lids left off 
during business hours for displaying the fish. The majority of the 
stores held quantities of fish in reserve, of which 46 had ice boxes 
solely for this purpose and 10 had insulated cold rooms. 
Wrapping paper.—Standard white or brown paper only was used 
by 14 firms for wrapping all packages of fish, 7 used only newspaper, 
while 41 used first a layer of standard paper and then an outer 
wrapper of newspaper. In most instances those firms using only 
standard wrapping paper ranked excellent in sanitary conditions, 
those using one wrapper of each kind of paper ranked fair or good, 
and those using only newspapers as poor. Retailers stated that news- 
papers tend to impart an inky taste and odor to the fish, and thus 
in most instances the first wrapper is of standard paper. 
Payment for retail sales, deliveries, and advertising.—Retails ales 
were made for cash only in every store except 7, which intimated 
that credit sometimes was extended to a few regular customers. 
Deliveries of retail purchases were made by only 3 “stores, and then 
only in the immediate vicinity. Advertising was done by 12 stores 
or firms, daily, weekly, or monthly, at intervals. One wholesaler 
stated that billboard advertising was used at times. The consensus 
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