CONTENTS 



Clmpter i 



GENERAL INTRODUCTION: — The importance of bac- 

 teria IN THE SEA — The period of exploration — Intensi- 

 fication OF hydrobacteriological investigations ... I 



Chapter 2 



THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: — Extent and depth of 

 the sea — Topography of the sea floor — Biotic zones 



— Penetration of sunlight — Temperature of the ma- 

 rine environment — The movements of sea water — 

 Salinity, chlorinity, and density — Osmotic and hydro- 

 static pressure — Chemical composition of sea water — 

 Dissolved gases and the pH of sea water — Artificial 

 or synthetic sea water — Marine bottom deposits — 

 Plant and animal population 10 



Chapter 3 



COLLECTION AND EXAMINATION OF SAMPLES AT 

 SEA: — The collection of water samples — Metal cyl- 

 inders FOR COLLECTING SAMPLES — SAMPLERS HAVING A 



capillary tube inlet — Metal bottles are bactericidal 



— Effect of pressure during sampling — The collection 

 OF mud samples — Storage of samples — Temperature 

 changes during collection of samples — The examina- 

 tion OF samples at sea 26 



Chapter 4 



METHODS OF ENUMERATING MARINE BACTERIA: — 



Media for plate counts — Solidifying agents for plating 

 media — Incubation temperature for plate counts — 

 Dilution water blanks for marine bacteria — The suc- 

 cessive DILUTION METHOD FOR ENUMERATING BACTERIA — 

 The ENUMERATION OF MARINE ANAEROBES — DiRECT MICRO- 

 SCOPIC COUNTS — The concentration of organisms for 

 direct counts — direct counts on bacteria in mud — 

 Submerged slide technic for studying bacteria in water 



— Aged sea water 41 



Clmpter 5 



FACTORS INFLUENCING THE DISTRIBUTION OF BAC- 

 TERIA IN THE SEA: — Fluctuations in numbers of 



MICROORGANISMS — DISTANCE FROM LAND — EFFECT OF THE 



TIDE — Diurnal fluctuations in the bacterial popula- 

 tion — Vertical distribution of marine bacteria — Ef- 

 fect OF hydrostatic pressure — Effect of solar radia- 

 tions — Temperature as an ecological factor — Sea- 



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