ZoBell 



— 236 — 



Marine Microbiology 



— lobsters, 144, 175 



— oysters, 187 



— typhoid bacillus, 182, 183, 186, 

 igi 



Disinfectants for water samplers, 27 

 Distance from land, 60-63, 86, 93 

 Distilled water for blanks, 46-48 

 Distribution of bacteria in sea, 3-7, 

 59-89 



— effect of depth, 3, 4, 7, 65-69 



— factors influencing, 59-89 



— fluctuations in, 59, 60, 74 



— seasonal, 74-77 



— solid surfaces and, 36, 56-58, 78, 

 83-85 



Diurnal variations, 64 

 Dothidella laminariae, 134 

 Dunaliella salina, 116, 196 

 Dysphotic zone, 12 



Eberlhella lyphosa, 182, 183, 186 

 Economic problems, 9, 193-199 

 Eclrogella perforans, 131, 132, 134 

 Eel grass, 23 



— disease of, 133, 134, 171 

 Egounov's hypothesis, 201 

 Eh, anaerobiosis and, 49 



— effect on iron ppt., 103 



— effect on microbial activity, io6 



— of bottom deposits, 105, 106 



— of sea water, io6 

 Elodea, 96 



Emerita analoga, 174 

 Emery-Dietz coring device, 34, 35 

 Endomyces vernalis, 130 

 Enumerating marine bacteria, 41-58 

 Environment, marine, 10-25 

 Enzymes in mud, 113 

 Epilimnion, 68, 206 



Epiphytic fungi, 134 

 Epiplankton, 25 

 Escherichia, 125, 188 



— coli, 5, 82, 178, 183-188 

 Esmarch cultures, 39 



Ether extract, from lipoclasts, 146 



— in marine humus, 148 



— of decomposing diatoms, 147 



— of organisms, 145 

 Eubacteriales in sea, 124-126 

 Euglena, 166 

 Euphausiids, 24 

 Euphotic zone, 11, 66 

 Euploles taylori, 1 73 

 Eurychasma dicksonii, 132 

 Eurychasmidium tumejaciens, 132 

 Euryhaline organisms, i6, 120 

 Examination of samples at sea, 39, 40 

 Expedition, Moltke, 3, 130, 177 



— Nathorst, 5 



— Planet, 7 



— Plankton, 3 



— Scottish Antarctic, 7 



— Solar Eclipse, $ 



— South Polar, 6 



— Talisman, 2 



Extracts for nutrient media, 42 



Fabric deterioration, 195 

 Fat hydrolysis, 98, 99, 145, 146 

 Fatty acid utilization, 143, 146 

 Fauna, effect on bacteria, 78-80, 96, 



97, 172, 173 

 Fermentative power, 118 

 Ferric salts for media, 42 

 Film-formers, 56-58, 85, 193, 194 

 Filtration, effect on sea water, 47, 



183 

 Fish, bacteriology of, 4, 172, 173, 



188-190 



— coliform bacteria, 184, 185 



— decomposition, 123, 142, 197, 198 



— discoloration, ii6, 117, 190, 197 



— diseases, 133, 175 



— effect on bacteria, 60, 75 



— extract media, 42 



— net deterioration, 141, 195 



— parasitized by fungi, 133 



— spoilage, 143, 190, 197, 198 

 Flathead Lake, 206 

 Flavobacterium , 115, 123, 125, 173, 



188, i8g 



— amoconlaclum, 124 



— annulatum, 172 



— baluslinum, 190 



— boreale, 140 



— ceramicola, 1 40 



— delesseriae, 140 



— droebachense, 140 



— fucalum, 172, 190 



— halmephilum, 204 



— halohydrium, 139 



— halophilum, 202 



— marinotypicum, 116 



— marinovirosum, 116 



— marinum, 190 



— maris, 190 



— maris-mortui, 204 



— neptunium, 139 



— okenokoiles, 116 



— rhodomelae, 140 



— sewanense, 155 



— turcosum, 172 



— uliginosum, 14T 

 Fluctuations in bacteria, 59, 74 

 Food spoilage, 142, 144, 197-199 

 Foraminifera, 22, 24, 194 

 Formula C dilution water, 47, 81 

 Fouling organisms, 56, 193, 194 

 Freezing point of sea water, 13, 16, 



123 

 Fresh-water bacteria, 114, 115, 204 



— on submerged slides, 56 



— salt requirements, 43, 48, 119-121 



— thermal sensitivity, 122 

 Fresh-water media, for bacteria, 43, 



44 



— for fungi, 132 

 Fungi, classification, 129 



— imperfect!, 129, 131-135 



— in air, 178 



— infect kelp, 134 



— jn lakes, 135, 171 



— in sea, 131-135, 191 



— lignoclastic, 141 



— parasitic, 131-135, 171, 175, 176 

 Fur spoilage, 197 



Fusarium, 135 



Gallionella, 124, 126 



— ferruginea, 103 



— reticulosa, 103 



— turtuosa, 103 

 Gases, in mud, loS-iio 



— in sea water, 10 

 Gas producers, 118 

 Gee-Esmarch tubes, 39 

 Gee water sampler, 29 

 Gelatin, liquefaction, 118 



— media, 44, 122 



— plating temperature, 122 

 Genera of bacteria in sea, 124-128 

 Geological activities of bacteria, 



100-104 

 German S. Polar Expedition, 6 

 Glass-bulb water sampler, 28-30 

 Glass-disk anaerobe plate, 50 

 Globigerina, 24 

 Globigerina ooze, 22 

 Gonyaulax, catenella, 199 



— digitale, 199 



— polyeramma, 199 



— spinifera, 199 



— triacontha, igg 



Gram character, of marine bacteria, 

 114 



— of soil bacteria, 114 

 Grazing animals, 137 



Great Salt Lake, 15, 58, 174 192, 

 202, 20^ 



— water bacteriostatic, 203 

 Green Lake, 136 



Green sulfur bacteria, 166 

 Guignardia, alaskana, 134 



— irrilans, 134 



— uhae, 134 



Gulf, of Bothnia, 15 



— of California, 64, 105, 159, 165 



— of Maine, 130 



— of Naples, 4, 60, 65, 86, 90, 93, 97, 

 151, 152, 163, 182 



Gymnodinium, 199 



Haddock, bacteria of, 173, 188 

 Halibaclerium, 4, 127 



— auranliacum, 4 



— liquefaciens, 4 



— pellucidum, 4, 180 



— polymorphum, 4 



— purpureum, 4 



— roseum, 4 



— rubrofuscum, 4 



Halibut, bacteria on, 172, 188, 190 

 Halophiles, 121, 196, 197 



— chitinoclastic, 144 



— in Great Salt Lake, 202, 203 



— in limans, 201, 202 



Halophiobolus, 134, 171 



— cylindricus, 132 



— hatimus, 132, 134 



— maritimus, 132, 134 



— medusa, 132 



— longirostris, 132 



— opacus, 132 



— salinus, 132, 134 

 Halosphaeria appendicula a, 132 

 Harbor water, bacteria in, 60, 61 

 Heat sensitivity of marine bacteria, 



38,46 

 Helgoland, 152, 165 

 Ilelicoma, mariiimum, 132 



— salinum, 132 



Hemicellulose decomposition, 139 

 Henrici-McCoy mud sampler, 35 

 Henrici submerged slides, 56 

 Hentriacontane, 147 



Hides spoilage, 144, 197 

 H-ion cone, effect of organisms on, 

 19, loi, 104, 105 



— effect on CaCOj ppt., loi 



— effect on plate counts, 42, 43 



— effect on PO4 solubility, 169 



— of sea water, 19 

 Histamine, 143, 199 

 Humboldt Plankton Expedition, 4 

 Humus, lignin in, 141 



— marine, 94, 148, 149 

 Hydrobacteriology, importance of, 



I, 2, 207, 208 

 Hydrocarbons, assimilation, 99, 

 146-148 



— bacterial oxidation, 146-148, 196 



— fats as progenitor, 145 



— from cellulose, 140 



— synthesis, 147 



Hydrogen, effect on SO4 reduction, 

 109 



— for anaerobes, 49-51 



— from cellulose, 140 



— HC formation, 109, nr 



— produced in mud, 108, 109 

 Hydrogen sulfide, effect on iron ppt., 



103 



— effect on oxygen tension, 109, 207 



— from organic matter, 158 



— from sulfate, 160, 161, 207 



— in "bacterial plate," 201 



— oxidation, 162-166 



— produced in mud, 108-no 



— toxic to animals, 200, 207 

 Hydrostatic pressure of sea water, 3, 



16 



— effect on organisms, 16, 32, 33, 69 



— effect on water samplers, 29, 32 



Hyperion sewage outfall, 184, 191 

 Hypoderma laminariae, 131 

 Hypolimnion, 68, 206 



Ice, bacteria in, 191, 192 



Impression smears, 55 



IMVIC test, 184 



Incubation temperature, 45, 46 



Indian Ocean, 82, 152 



Indol, indicator of fish spoilage, 143 



— production, 118, 184 

 Infections from sea water, igi 

 Inland waters, (see Lakes), 200-208 



— coliform bacteria in, 185 



— fungi in, 135 

 Intertidal zone, 11, 14, 63 

 Inverted microscope, 53, 54 

 Iron, bacteria, 56, 99, 103, 104 



— effect on plate counts, 42 



— precipitation, 103, 104 



J-Z water sampler, 29-31 



Kara Sea, 91, 106 



Kelp disease, 134, 171 



Kerosene oxidation, 148 



Kiel Harbor, 3, 144, 151, 152, 166 



Kurthia, 126, 189 



Laboratory work at sea, 39 

 Labyrinthula, 132-134, 171 



— chatloni, 132 



— macrocyslis, 133 

 Lactobacillus, 125, 189 

 Lactose fermenters, u8 

 Lagenidiales, 133 

 Lake, Ala-Kule, 146 



— Alexander, 74, 78, 96 



— Bonneville, 202 



