FISHES 71 



L. halteatus (Richardson). Length 150 mm.; head 4.5; depth 3.25; 

 color plain, usually with a dark lateral band; rays of dorsal fin 10; anal 

 II to 22; scales 13-55 to 63-6; body compressed: Columbia basin and 

 streams entering Puget Sound; southeastern Oregon; eastward to 

 Montana; common. 



L. vandoisulus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Length 125 mm.; head 3.6; 

 depth 4.75; color bluish green, mottled; a dark lateral band; males in 

 spring bright red anteriorly; rays of dorsal fin 9; scales 48 to 53 : streams 

 about Chesapeake Bay to Georgia; common in clear, swift streams. 

 L. neogcBus (Cope). Length 75 mm.; head 4; depth 4.25; color dusky 

 above, with a dark lateral band; in spring belly and lower fins crimson in 

 males; lateral line incomplete; teeth 2, 4-5, 2; scales 18-80-10; head very 

 large: region of the Great Lakes and upper Mississippi Valley; rare. 

 L. elongatus (Kirtland). Shiner. Length 125 mm.; head 4; depth 

 5; color dark bluish, mottled with paler; a broad black lateral band, the 

 anterior half of which is crimson in the spring in males; rays of anal fin 

 9; scales 10-70-5; head long; mouth large: region of the Great Lakes and 

 upper Mississippi Valley; common in clear streams northwards. 



L. margarita (Cope). Length 75 mm.; head 4; depth 4.25; color 

 dusky olive above; sides silvery; belly white, crimson in spring males; 

 rays of anal fin 9; scales punctate, 11-52 to 58-8; lateral line more or less 

 incomplete; snout very blunt: Susquehanna to the James; not common. 

 L. flammeus (Jordan & Gilbert). Length 60 mm.; head and depth 

 4; color dark above; a black lateral band; males scarlet in spring; a 

 small black spot at base of tail; scales 7-43-5; lateral line very short: 

 basin of the Tennessee; common in northern Alabama. 



L. orcutti (Eigenmann). Head 3.5; depth 4; color dark gray, with 

 a faint plumbeous lateral band; rays of anal fin 7: rivers of southern 

 California tributary to the Pacific; abundant. 



L. nachtriehi Cox. Length 100 mm.; head 4.25; depth 5; color 

 dusky; scales 12-79-9; teeth 2, 4-5, 2; lateral line complete: northern 

 Minnesota. 



L. phlegethontis (Cope). Length 35 mm.; head 3.75; depth t,.7,\ 

 color olivaceous, with a dark lateral band; belly golden; rays of dorsal 

 fin 7; scales 6-36-4, 17 before the dorsal fin; teeth i, 5-4, 2; lateral line 

 absent: basin of Great Salt and Sevier Lakes; very common; the smallest 

 of the family. 



17. Rutilus Rafinesque. Roaches. Body stout, somewhat com- 

 pressed, mouth oblique; no barbels; size moderate; teeth 4-5, 5-5 or 

 6-5; rays of dorsal and anal fins usually 8: numerous species in America, 

 Europe and Asia; 6 species in the United States, all in the extreme west. 



