FISHES 135 



late; belly red; a black spot on shoulder; rays of dorsal tins X or XI-14; 

 anal II, 8 or 9; scales 9-63 to 80-16; breast, cheeks and opercles naked: 

 Ozark region; not common. 



E. cragini Gilb. Length 40 mm.; head ^.t^; depth 4.75; color oliva- 

 ceous, mottled; lower half of sides specked with black; sides with a 

 series of small spots; a conspicuous shoulder spot; cheeks and opercles 

 naked; rays of dorsal fins VIII or IX- 10 to 12; anal II, 6 or 7; scales 

 6-46 to 55: western portion of Arkansas River basin, in Colorado; 

 in small brooks; the only darter reaching the base of the Rockies. 



E. u'hipplii (Girard) . Body rather deep, compressed ; length 60 mm. ; 

 head 3.5; depth 4.5 to 5; color grayish, mottled with darker and about 12 

 indistinct dusky bars; sides with small scarlet spots and 2 orange spots 

 at the base of the tail fin ; a black shoulder spot ; rays of dorsal fins XI- 1 1 

 or 12; anal II, 7 or 8; scales 8-60 to 70; lateral line incomplete; opercles 

 with a few large scales: lower Arkansas basin; common. 



E. squamiceps Jordan. Body robust; length 75 mm.; head 3 to 4; 

 depth 4.25 to 5; color dusky olive, with about 10 diffuse blackish cross 

 bands; a pinkish streak along the lateral line; no red or blue; cheeks, 

 opercles, nape and breast usually scaly; rays of dorsal fins VIII 

 to XI-9 to 12; anal II, 7 or 8; scales 6-48 to 60-12: southern 

 Indiana to Georgia and western Florida; common southward. 



E. flahellare Raf. Fan-tailed darter. Body slender; head long and 

 pointed; length 60 mm.; head 3.5 to 4; depth 4.5 to 5.5; color rather 

 dark, body covered with fine specks which form dark cross blotches in 

 the male; a conspicuous shoulder spot; no red or blue; rays of dorsal 

 iins VIII-12 to 14; anal II, 7 to 9; scales 9-40 to 65-14; lower jaw strongly 

 projecting; head naked; tail fin large: New England to northern 

 Alabama; westward to Iowa; abundant in swift waters; variable. 



Subspecies of E. flahellare 



E. f. lineolatum (Agassiz). Longitudinal lines of dark dots present: 

 northern Indiana and Missouri to Minnesota. 



E. f. cumberlandicum Jordan & Swain. Coloration plain, except 

 for the black shoulder spot: Cumberland Mountains. 



14. Psychromaster Jordan & Evermann. Similar to Etheostoma, 

 but differing in having a more robust form, a single anal spine and the 

 top of the head scaly; lateral line curved and incomplete: i species. 



P. tuscumhia (Gilbert & Swain). Body heavy and robust, with an 

 elevated back; length 50 mm.; head 3.5; depth 4; color grayish or 

 greenish, mottled or speckled with black; 6 broad dorsal bars and 8 or 10 

 black blotches along the lateral line; fins barred; cheeks and opercles 



