l6o VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF THE UNITED STATES 



grooves 1 1 ; parasphenoid patches of teeth diverging posteriorly, con- 

 fluent anteriorly: Pacific slope from Los Angeles to Puget Sound. 

 E. croceater (Cope). Body large, black in color with yellow dorsal 

 spots; bright orange beneath; costal grooves 13; length 145 mm.; tail 

 87 mm.: southern California; Sierra Nevadas. 



6. Aneides Baird. Similar to Plethodon, but differs in that there 

 is but one premaxillary and the maxillary and mandibular teeth are few 

 in number and confined to the anterior portion of the arch; vomerine 

 teeth on a ridge between the internal nares: 4 species. 



Key to the Species of Aneides 



ai On the Pacific slope. 



bi Hinder portion of tail rounded or oval. 



Ci Color light brown, with yellow spots A. lugubris. 



C2 Color black above .A. ferretts. 



1)2 Hinder portion of tail strongly compressed A. iecanus. 



ao In the southeastern States A. ceneiis. 



A. lugubris (Hallowell). Body light yellow above with yellowish 

 spots and yellow beneath; length 75 mm.; tail 35 mm.; snout very promi- 

 nent; eyes bulging; anterior teeth projecting from the closed mouth; 

 costal grooves 13: California; common; adults and larvse terrestrial, 

 the latter being without functional gills. 



A .ferreus (Cope) . Body slender, black above, with gray on the sides 

 and brown beneath; length 90 mm.; tail 37 mm.; costal grooves 14: 

 northern California to British Columbia. 



A. iecanus (Cope). Body robust, black in color, with minute light 

 specks; length 53 mm.; costal grooves 13; parasphenoid teeth in a single 

 patch: northern California. 



A. (Bneus (Cope & Packard). Body rather stout; color dark, 

 mottled coppery and black; length 118 mm.; tail 66 mm.; costal grooves 

 14: Virginia and West Virginia to Georgia; rare. 



7. Batrachoseps Bonaparte.. .Similar to Plethodon, but with 4 toes 

 on the hind foot and but one premaxillary: 4 species, all on the Pacific 

 slope, I species in Alaska. 



Key to the Species of Batrachoseps 



ai Costal grooves 19 B. attenuatus. 



a2 Costal grooves 18. 



bi Color of dorsal surface dark brown B. pacificus. 



bs Color of dorsal surface light gray B. major. 



B. attenuatus (Eschscholtz). Body slender, with very weak legs and 

 a long tail; color brown above and below but darker on the belly and the 



