296 VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF THE UNITED STATES 



L. /. oculeus Bangs. Back darker, without stripes or spots; sides 

 gray; tip of tail white; length 770 mm.; tail 139 mm.; hind foot 158 mm.: 

 coast region of California north of San Francisco. 



L. baileyi Merr. Plateau wildcat. Similar to L. ruffus, but paler 

 and with a shorter tail: Arizona; southern Colorado. 



L. canadensis Kerr. Canada lynx. Color gray, mottled with 

 brown; tail-tip black; length 1,000 mm.; tail 100 mm.; hind foot 225 

 mm.; weight up to 30 lbs.; legs thick; fore feet very large: northern 

 America, in forested regions from Pennsylvania and northern Michigan to 

 Hudson Bay and Alaska; southward in the Rockies as far as Colorado, 

 and in 'the Sierras as far as Mount Whitney; extinct in the eastern 

 States. 



L. subsolanus Bangs. Color black and hazel, much darker than L. 

 canadensis; length 920 mm.; tail no mm.; hind foot 220 mm.: 

 Newfoundland. 



Order 7. Pinnipedia. — Seals. Aquatic mammals of large size 

 and carnivorous habits, and closely related to the Order Carnivora; 

 feet transformed to flippers; toes 5-5, joined by a thick membrane; 

 hinder limbs directed backwards and used for swimming; no external 

 ears usually present: about 50 species, in temperate and Arctic seas; 

 in Lake Baikal (fresh water); about 11 species on the coasts of the 

 United States and Canada, grouped in 2 families. 



Key to the Families of Pinnipedia 



ai External ears present i. Otariidce. 



a.2 External ears absent 2. Phocidce. 



Family i. Otariidae. — Hind limbs capable of being turned forward 

 and used for walking; ears present; forelegs long; claws small and rudi- 

 mentary, except those on digit 3 of the foot: 3 genera and species on 

 the Pacific coast. 



1. Zalophus Gill. Ears short; dentition 3/2, i/i, 4/4, 2/1; head 

 rounded; nose narrow, pointed: i species. 



Z . calif amicus (Lesson) . Sea-lion. Color reddish brown in summer, 

 lighter in winter; length 2,542 mm.; tail no mm.; hind foot 380 mm,; 

 body slender; snout long: California, northward to San Francisco. 



2. Eumetopias Gill. Ears rather long; dentition 3/2, i/i, 4/4, 

 i/i; upper molar separated by a wide space from the premolars: i 

 species. 



E. juhata (Schreber). Steller's sea-lion. Color reddish brown; 

 length 3,000 mm.: Berings Strait to California. 



