MAMMALS 



347 



rows, in which they raise from 5 to 13 young in a litter, and usually 

 several litters a year. In the more northerly latitudes they hibernate 

 in the winter, often 6 or more months, but in warmer regions may 

 remain active throughout the year. 



C. tridecemlineatus (Mitchill). Gopher. Color yellowish-brown, 

 with about 6 yellowish longitudinal stripes alternating with rows of 

 yellow spots, making about 13 stripes in all; belly yel- 

 lowish; ears small; length 250 mm.; tail 87 mm.; hind 

 foot 32 mm.: central States, from eastern Michigan 

 to the Rockies; southward to northern Missouri and 

 central Texas; northward into Saskatchewan; a single 

 litter of young raised a year. 



Subspecies of C. tridecemlineatus 



Eastern Michigan 



C. t. tridecemlineatus (Mitch.) 

 to Dakota. 



C. t. alleni (Merriam). Size small; colors dark: 

 Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming. 



C. /. parvus (Allen). Size small; length 204 mm.: 

 western Colorado, Wyoming and Utah; Upper Sonoran 

 zone. 



C. t. pallidus (Allen). Size small; colors pale: Great Plains from 

 northern Texas to eastern Montana and western Dakota. 



C t. olivaceus (Allen). Color dusky brown above: Black Hills. 



C. t. badius (Bangs). Size large; length 276 mm.; colors dark: 

 Missouri. 



C. t. texensis (Merr.). Size large; color deep ferruginous: eastern 

 Texas and Oklahoma. 



C. franklini (Sabine). Body yellowish brown, speckled with 

 black but not striped; tail with 3 black lines; length 375 mm.; tail 137 

 mm.; hind foot 50 mm.: central prairie region from Saskatchewan into 

 Kansas; eastward to Indiana; i litter annually of 4 to 8 each. 



C. spilosoma (Bennett). Color reddish brown with ill-defined spots 

 arranged in longitudinal series; under parts yellowish white; ears very 

 short; length 255 mm.; tail 75 mm.; hind foot 32 mm.: southern Cali- 

 fornia to Texas. 



Subspecies of C. spilosoma 



C. s. macrospilotus (Merr.). Color dark; spots large and far apart; 

 also with a drab-gray color phase: southern Arizona. 



C. 5. major (Merr.). Dorsal spots indistinct: eastern New Mexico 

 and western Texas'^to Nebraska. 



Fig. 182. — Fore 

 foot of C i tell us 

 spilosoma {from 

 Mearns). 



