35© VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF THE UNITED STATES 



Subspecies of C. ludovicianus 



C. I. ludovicianus (Ord.)- Eastward to about the 97th meridian; 

 westward to central Montana, Wyoming and Colorado; introduced into 

 Iowa, Louisiana, South Carolina and Nantucket Island; chiefly Upper 

 Sonoran, but also Transition and Lower Sonoran zones. 



C. I. arizonensis Mearns. Colors brighter: southwestern Texas to 

 southeastern Arizona. 



C. leucurus Merriam. Color yellowish buff or grayish; terminal 

 two-thirds of tail white; length 358 mm.; tail 57 mm.; hind foot 62 

 mm.: Wyoming and into northern Colorado and northeastern Utah; 

 Transition zone. 



C. parvidens Allen. Like C. leucurus, but smaller and reddish in 

 color and less grayish; length 338 mm.; tail 43 mm.; hind foot 59 mm.: 

 central Utah. 



C. gunnisoni (Baird). Color as in C. leucurus; terminal half of 

 tail with a gray center, bordered and tipped with white; length 340 

 mm.; tail 53 mm.; hind foot 56 mm.: central Colorado and north- 

 central New Mexico; Transition zone, also Upper Sonoran and Canadian 

 zones. 



Subspecies of C. gunnisoni 



C. g. zuniensis Hollister. Color more cinnamon and less buff; size 

 larger: western Colorado, northern New Mexico and Arizona. 



8. Marmota Blumenbach {Arctomys Schreber). Woodchucks; 

 ground-hogs. Body large and heavy; tail short; legs short and stout; 

 cheek pouches small; dentition i/i, 0/0, 2/1, 3/3; skull nearly flat on 

 top: about 10 species in northern America, Europe and Asia; 4 species 

 in the United States. A woodchuck digs a deep burrow, usually in a 

 field, which may extend 25 feet or more into the ground, in which it has 

 its nest and hibernates in the winter. Its food consists of grasses, 

 clover, etc.; a single litter of from 3 to 9 young is raised. 



Key to the American Species of Marmota 



ai Upper parts grizzled brownish, yellowisli, drab or buff. 



bi Sides of neck without conspicuous buiify patches M. nionax. 



bo Sides of neck with conspicuous buffy patches M. flaviventris. 



3.2 Upper parts mainly black and white M. caligata. 



M. monax (L.). Common woodchuck. Color grizzly gray, varied 

 with chestnut, yellowish and black; under parts chestnut, length 573 

 mm.; tail 145 mm.; hind foot 83 mm.; weight about 9 lbs.: eastern and 



