PROGRESS IN BIOLOGICAL INQUIRIES, 1938 77 
bution of the fishes of the Isthmus of Panama are discussed, and 
considerable life-history data are given. A section is devoted to 
the successes and failures of introduced fishes, setting forth precau- 
tions that should be taken and outlining a plan for future intro- 
ductions. 
The study of specimens and data collected in the locks of the Pan- 
ama Canal, as well as elsewhere in the Canal, was completed. A full 
report was prepared, listing the animals taken and containing special 
information on the use of the Canal, especially its locks, as passage- 
ways for fishes. 
American anchovies—The taxonomic revisional studies of the 
American anchovies by Dr. Hildebrand were continued, especially 
in connection with the work set forth in the preceding paragraph. 
The study of the Atlantic forms has been carried about as far as 
the material available will permit, but only a few of the Pacific coast 
species have been studied. 
Fishes of Tortugas, Fla—The editorial work and study of speci- 
mens necessary in completing and getting ready for publication an 
unfinished monograph on the fishes of Tortugas, Fla., left by the 
late Prof. Wiliam H. Longley, has been far advanced during the 
year by Dr. Hildebrand. The points of chief interest in this work 
are the underwater observations and photographs of the shallow- 
water fishes, and the numerous additions of West Indian fishes to the 
American fauna. 
General systematic studies —Revisional studies of the systematics 
of American fishes were continued by Isaac Ginsburg, with special 
reference to the Gobiidae. New species were described, based chiefly 
on material studied from the gobies obtained by Dr. Hildebrand in 
Panama; material submitted for study by the Bingham Oceanographic 
Foundation; and material from the Hancock Collection, Stanford 
University, and from the National Museum. 
INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES OF THE FISHERIES BIOLOGICAL 
LABORATORIES 
WOODS HOLE, MASS. 
Owing to the lack of a special appropriation, the Woods Hole 
station was opened last summer to only a limited number of invest1- 
gators. In addition to Dr. Galtsoff, Acting Director, and his staff, 
who were engaged in shellfisheries studies, the following persons oc- 
eupied laboratory space: Dr. H. M. Smith, Associate Curator in 
Zoology, United States National Museum, working on otoliths of 
local fishes and a report on fresh-water fishes of Siam; Dr. Edwin 
Linton, University of Pennsylvania, helminth parasites of fishes; 
Dr. Raymond W. Root, College of the City of New York; and 
Dr. Clark Black, of Swarthmore College, the effect of carbon dioxide 
upon the oxygen-combining power of marine fish blood; Dr. (Alte 
A. Welch, Johns Hopkins University, the variations and distribution 
of Hawaiian tree snails; Milton J. Lobell, United States Bureau of 
Fisheries, age composition of the winter flounder population and 
general studies of the life history; Julian G. Griggs, George Wash- 
ington University, fertility in the oyster under various conditions. 
