PROGRESS IN BIOLOGICAL INQUIRIES, 1939 43 
in August or September. If the fish that constitute these 2 runs are 
hereditarily distinct, then it is apparent that conservation measures 
must be designed and carried out in such a manner that each group 
will receive adequate protection. To ascertain whether or not the two 
runs are racially distinct, morphometric data were collected from 
448 red salmon during the 1939 season between June 7 and Septem- 
ber 16. Twenty-one measurements were made on each fish examined, 
and in addition the gillrakers were counted. A statistical treatment 
of the data will reveal any dissimilarities between the two runs of 
Karluk fish. A large sample of pink salmon also was measured for 
racial characteristics to be included in the racial studies of the pink 
salmon in Alaska. 
Egg counts—Counts were made of eggs collected in 1938 from 60 
red salmon that ranged from 51 to 65 centimeters in length. The 
left ovary was found to contain a higher average number of eggs 
than the ‘right ovary, although in similar conn made in 1926 the 
reverse of this condition usually was found. The 1926 sample of 
fish averaged 3,728 eggs per individual. The 1938 average for a 
comparable group of fish was 3,218. In general, the larger the fish 
the greater was the discrepancy between ‘the results of the 2 years’ 
tabulations. One hundred and twenty additional egg samples were 
collected during the 1939 season and will be used to supplement the 
1938 data, and to determine whether or not the number of eggs per 
female varies from year to year. 
DOLLY VARDEN TROUT 
Life-history studies were continued at Karluk in 1939 on the sal- 
mon predator Salvelinus malma, commonly known as the Dolly 
Varden trout, or char. From tagging experiments started in 1937 
and 1938 a total of 875 tags were recovered. Two tagging and three 
marking experiments were initiated in 1939. During the upstream 
migration of Dolly Varden trout in July, 2,695 fish were tagged at 
the Karluk weir, and at a weir built in Thumb River—the lar gest 
tributary of Kar luk Lake—1 463 additional chars were tagged in Tate 
summer. One marking experiment was made at the Karluk weir 
in which the adipose and both ventral fins were amputated from 
2,038 Dolly Varden trout between 21 and 25 cm. in length. At the 
Thumb River weir the adipose and left ventral fin were clipped 
from 543 fish between 16 and 20 cm. long, and the adipose and right 
ventral from 178 chars between 11 and 15 cm. in length. Returns 
from these marking experiments will supply data concerning the 
growth rate and migration of a group of small fish which it is 
difficult to tag successfully. 
The conclusion that there are at least 2 populations of char in the 
Karluk system was reached after the tag recoveries made in 1987 
and 1988 had been analyzed. The presence of a nonmigratory lake 
population and a population which annually migrates to and from 
the ocean was shown. In 1939 additional tag returns and a study of 
the morphological characters of the Karluk chars confirmed the fore- 
going conclusion. The total number of gillrakers proved to be a 
useful diagnostic character. The stationary, or lake-type char was 
found to have an average of 23.4 (21 to 26) gillrakers, while in the 
