354 DRAGONFLIES OF NORTH AMERICA 
lateral spots and the sides of the middle lobe, pale. Thorax with a broad mid- 
dorsal and humeral black stripe; a broad pale antehumeral stripe; a short black 
basal spot on the second lateral suture; and a black line widened above on the 
third lateral suture. Abdomen with the abdominal segments 2-7 and 10 black, 
the sides pale, with a basal spot and an apical ring of black on the dorsum. 
Segments 8-9 pale blue, with a large rectangular black basal spot on either side. 
The dorsal bifid process on 10 well developed with arms enclosing an angle of 
more than 90°. Inferior appendages bifid or trifid. 
The females of perparva do not possess the two color forms in the mature 
imago; however, the teneral colors are orange and black. The following black 
markings appear on the mature female. All the dorsal surface of the head black 
except the pale transverse frontal band. Entire dorsum of the prothorax black. 
Wide middorsal and humeral stripe of black on the thorax, as well as a basal 
spot of black on the second and third lateral sutures. All the abdominal segments 
black except narrow, pale apical cross lines on segments 1, 7, 8, 9. The pale 
colors are olive green. The entire body and legs are more or less pruinose, making 
a slate gray insect. 
Kennedy (717) reports that ‘‘Ischnura perparva occurs during the 
entire season and is frequently as abundant along the stagnant side 
pools of fresh streams as it ever is about alkaline ponds, where it occurs 
in equal abundance with cervula. In other words, it seems to be adapted 
to a wider variety of conditions than cervula. 
In habits it resembles cervula but, when at rest in copulation, or 
ovipositing, the wings are usually held tightly closed. Being a heavier 
bodied insect the abdomen is seldom bent into the U-shapes common 
with ovipositing cervula. As in cervula the males rarely accompany the 
females while the latter are ovipositing.”’ 
utahensis perparva £ | (. 
erratica verticalis 
356. Ischnura erratica Calvert 
Calv. ’95, p. 491: Mtk. Cat. p. 69. 
Length 30-32 mm. Expanse 36-44 mm. B. C. to Calif. 
The following description of the male is taken from Dr. Calvert’s original 
one: Black, the following blue or green: mouth parts, head below, frons an- 
teriorly, postocular spots, a complete antehumeral stripe each side, sides of the 
thorax (except a black line on the base of the second lateral and a complete line 
on the third lateral sutures), abdomen below, apical dorsal spot of 1, a wavy, 
transverse, apical band on 2, a dorsal band on the apical five-sixths of 7-9 (except 
a lateral black band on the sides of each, reaching from the base to the apex, 

