252 Maciteay Memoriat Vouume. 
NEMATODES, MOSTLY AUSTRALIAN AND FIJIAN. 
By N. A. Coss. 
(Plates xxxvi.-xum.) 
InrtTropucrory Nore. 
The following pages contain descriptions, accompanied by about one hundred 
and seventy figures, of eighty-two species of Nematodes, of which about half have 
not been hitherto described. In a number of cases the anatomical details have been 
worked out in a manner worthy the attention of the morphologist. 

Fig. 1.—-Diagram in explanation of the descriptive formula used for Nematode worms ; 6, 7, 8, 10, 6 are the transverse 
measurements, while 7, 14, 28, 50, 88 are the corresponding longitudinal measurements. The formula in this 
case is :— 7:14: 28: 50° 88° 
Pw a MP 
The unit of measurement is the hundredth part of the length of the worm, whatever that may be. The 
measurements become, therefore, percentages of the length. 
The measurements are taken with the animal viewed in profile; the first is taken at the base of the pharynx, the 
second at the nerve-ring, the third at the cardiac constriction, the fourth at the vulva in females and at the 
middle (M) in males, the fifth at the anus. 
Genus MONONCHUS, Bastian. 
The genus MZononchus is composed of herbivorous free-living Nematodes, not 
C Terre yeecsioraer onto iil ase eae and 23-825 =M— 90° 
marine, having the average formule 33336 33-2 2™™. and 33-y5-30 35 2 7mm. 


They are readily recognised by their capacious pharynx, containing from one to three 
commonly conspicuous teeth, whose function is, in conjunction with certain minute 
file-like or rasp-like areas on the wall of the pharynx, to masticate the food, which 
consists of fresh and succulent vegetable matter, such as rootlets, or the tissues of 
aquatic or sub-aquatic plants, or the protected tissues found among the sheaths 
of the leaves of certain land-plants. The thick transparent cuticle of these worms 
is destitute both of hairs and strie. The neck is sometimes almost cylindrical, 
but is usually conoid, and invariably ends in a truncate head, which in one species 
