40 VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF THE UNITED STATES 



waters of Lake Superior, Huron and Michigan; deep waters of New 

 York lakes; variable; very abundant. 



L. ontarvensis J. & E. Length 300 mm.; head 4.5; depth 4; color 

 dark blue above, silvery on the sides; rays of dorsal fin 10; anal 11; 

 scales 9-76-8; body elongate, elliptical, pale in color: Lakes Ontario and 

 Cayuga; common. 



L. artedi (LeSueur). Common lake herring. Length 300 mm.; 

 head 4.5; depth 3 to 4; color gray or greenish; sides silvery; adipose 

 fin large ; rays of dorsal fin 10; anal 12; scales 8-69 to 75-7; body elliptical; 

 head long, compressed and pointed: Great Lakes, and neighboring small 

 lakes; very variable; very abundant, occurring along the shores in 

 immense schools; the most important of the lake herrings commercially. 



L. eriensis (J. & E.). Jumbo herring. Length 450 mm.; head 4.4; 

 depth 3.4; color dark above, without blue shades; rays of dorsal fin 10; 

 anal fins 11 ; scales 71 ; body very deep and robust: Lake Erie, especially 

 in the northern portion, occasionally in Lake Huron; abundant; the 

 best of the lake herrings as a food fish. 



L. siipernas J. & E. Head 4.4; depth 4; color silvery; rays of dorsal 

 fin 10'; anal 12; scales 8-76-7; lower jaw projecting: Lake Superior, in 

 deep water. 



L. reighardi Koelz. Length 225 mm.; body terete; head short; 

 snout truncate; scales 75; fins edged with black: upper Great 

 Lakes. 



L. alpencB Koelz. Length 375 mm.; scales 80; body elongate: 

 Lakes Michigan and Huron. 



L. kiyi Koelz. Body slender, small; head long and pointed; color 

 silvery; the back densely pigmented; scales 84: Great Lakes, very 

 abundant in deep water. 



L. bergei (Wagner). Body slender; scales 70; color pale; upper fins 

 dark-edged: Green Lake, Wisconsin; in deep water. 



L. prognathus (H. M. Smith). Long-jaw. Length 375 mm.; head 

 4.3; depth 3.5 to 4; color dusky above; sides silvery; rays of dorsal fin 9 

 or 10; anal 10 to 12; scales 9-75-8; body thick; back elevated; mouth 

 large; mandible projecting and very long, reaching to the hinder margin 

 of the eye or beyond: Lake Ontario and other Great Lakes, in deep 

 water; spawning in the summer. 



L. nigripinnis (Gill). Bluefin; blackfin. Length 450 mm.; head 

 and depth 4; color dark bluish above; sides silvery, with dark dots; fins 

 black; rays of dorsal fin 11; anal 12; scales 8-75-8; body elliptical; 

 mouth large: Great Lakes, and small lakes of Wisconsin and Minne- 

 sota, in deep water; common. 



