48 VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF THE UNITED STATES 



in cold, clear streams in the northern hemisphere, sometimes descending 

 into the sea; 5 species in the United States. 



S. fontinalis (Mitchill). Brook trout; speckled trout. Length 200 

 mm. or more; weight i lb. or more; extreme weight 8 lbs.; head and 

 depth 4.5; color of back and sides dark olive, marbled or barred on the 

 back and with numerous red spots on the sides, each spot margined with 

 brown; lower tins dusky, edged anteriorly with black and orange; rays 

 of dorsal fin 10; anal 9; scales 37-230-30: Maine to ^Montana and Sas- 

 katchewan; northward into Labrador; southward in the Appalachian 

 Mountains to Georgia; in none of the Great Lakes except Lake Superior; 

 introduced into other parts of the country; spawning occurs in the fall, 

 the eggs hatching the following spring. 



S. spectahilis (Girard). Dolly Varden trout. Length 500 mm.; 

 weight up to 12 lbs.; head 3.6; depth 4; color olivaceous, the sides with 

 round red spots nearly the size of the eye, the back with smaller, paler 

 ones; rays of dorsal fin 11 ; anal 9; scales 39-240-36; body rather slender: 

 east and west slopes of the Cascade Range from the upper Sacramento 

 to Montana, and northward into Alaska; common. 



S. alpimis (L.). Saibling; European trout. Length 225 mm.; 

 head 4.5; depth 5; color grayish or greenish above, red beneath; sides 

 silvery, with round red dots; rays of dorsal tin 13; anal 12; scales 195 to 

 200; body elongate, compressed; back not marbled: northern and 

 central Europe; introduced into Starling Lake, New York. 



S. aureolus Bean. American saibling. Length 300 mm.; head and 

 depth 4.2; color dark green above, without mottling; sides silver gray, 

 with small yellow spots; belly orange; tins very large; rays of dorsal tin 

 9; anal 8; scales 35-210-40: Sunapee Lake, Maine and other lakes in 

 Maine and New Hampshire; probably introduced from Europe. 



S. oquassa (Girard). Blueblack trout. Length 300 mm.; head and 

 depth 5 ; color dark blue above with round red spots on the sides; rays of 

 dorsal fin 10; anal 9; scales 230; body slender: Rangeley Lakes, Maine, 

 and northwards. 



S. marstoni Garman. Similar to S. oquassa, but with a larger 

 mouth and teeth and fewer red spots; rays of dorsal fin 13; anal 13; 

 Lac de Marbre, Quebec. 



5. timagamiensis Henn and Rinkenbach. Mouth very large; 

 maxillary extending beyond the eye; red spots very few: Timigami 

 region, Quebec. 



Family 3. Thymallidae. — Graylings. Body elongate, compressed, 

 slender; head short; mouth terminal; maxillary extending to a point 

 below the middle of the eye; tail forked; adipose tin present; dorsal tin 



