FISHES 65 



C. anomalum (Ratinesque). Stone roller. Length 200 mm. or 

 less; head 4.2; depth 4,4; color brownish, with a brassy lustre and a 

 dusky vertical bar behind the opercle; dorsal and anal fm each with a 

 dark cross bar; male with many tubercles in spring; rays of dorsal 

 fin 8; anal 7; scales 7-53-8: New York to Michigan, southward to 

 Georgia and Texas; westward to Wyoming; abundant in small streams; 

 herbivorous. 



C.Jormulosum Girard. Head short, with a projecting snout ; head 4; 

 depth 4.5 ; color grayish, with a black spot at the base of the tail and one 

 on the dorsal fin; scales 46: Texas, from the San Antonio to the Rio 

 Grande. 



4. Orthodon Girard. Body elongate; teeth 6-6 or 6-5, compressed 

 and nearly straight; scales very small; pseudobranchiaj absent: i species. 



O. microlepidotus (Ayres). Length 375 mm.; head 4; depth 4.5; 

 color olivaceous; rays of dorsal tin 9; anal 8; scales 21-105-121; teeth 

 very long: basin of lower Sacramento and San Joaquin; abundant. 



5. Acrocheilus Agassiz. Body elongate; teeth 4-5, hooked; jaws 

 each with a conspicuous, broad, straight, horny plate; size rather large: 

 I species. 



A . alutaceus Agassiz & Pickering. Chisel-mouth. Length 300 mm. ; 

 head 4.5; depth 4; color very dark, body studded with minute dark 

 points; rays of dorsal tin 10; anal 9; scales 20-85-16: basin of the lower 

 Columbia, as far up as Spokane and Shoshone Falls; southeastern 

 Oregon; abundant. 



6. Lavinia Girard. Body elliptical, compressed, with a slender 

 caudal peduncle; teeth 4-5 or 5-5, slightly hooked; size large: i species. 



L. exilicauda Baird & Girard. Hitch. Length 300 mm.; head 

 4.6; depth 3.3; color dark, speckled, with silvery sides; rays of dorsal fin 

 10; anal 12; scales 13-64-18: Coast Range, from Monterey to Clear 

 Lake; common. 



7. Chrosomus Ratinesque. Body moderately elongate; size small; 

 teeth 5-5 or 4-4, moderately hooked; scales minute; lateral line short 

 or wanting: 4 species. 



C. erythrogaster Raf. Red-bellied dace (Fig. 32). Length 75 mm.; 

 head 4; depth 4; color brownish olive above, often with black spots; 

 sides and belly silvery, with 2 black lateral bands, one running from 

 the snout through the eye and curving down along the belly to a black 

 spot in the tail; male in spring with yellow fins and bright scarlet belly; 

 teeth 5-5; rays of dorsal fin 8; anal 9; scales 16-85-10: central Xew 

 York and Pennsylvania to Dakota; southward to Alabama; common 

 in clear, small streams; one of the brightest of the minnows. 



