I04 VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF THE UNITED STATES 



3. Eucalia Jordan. Body naked; dorsal spines 5; gill membranes 

 connected, forming a fold across the isthmus; pubic bones joined, form- 

 ing a median ventral plate: 2 species. 



E. tnconstans (Kirtland). Brook stickleback (Fig. 49). Length 

 65 mm.; head 3.5; depth 4; color of males in spring jet black, tinged 

 with red anteriorly; females olivaceous, mottled and dotted with black; 

 rays of dorsal fins IV-I, 10; anal I, 10: Maine to Kansas and northward 

 to Saskatchewan; in small streams; common. 



E. pygmaa (Agassiz). Size small; rays of dorsal fins IV-I, 6; 

 anal I, 6 : Lake Superior. 



1 '^ --aii^^^- 



Fig. 49. — Eucalia inconslans {from Fishes of Illinois). 



4. Pungitius Coste. Body naked except for small bony plates 

 along the base of the median fins; free dorsal spines 9. to 11, diverging 

 right and left; pubic bones weak; gill membranes as in Eucalia: 2 species, 

 I of which, P. sinensis, is in China. 



P. pungitius (L.). Ten-spined stickleback. Length 75 mm.; head 

 4; depth 5 or 6; color olivaceous, punctulate, irregularly barred with 

 darker; rays of dorsal fin IX-I, 9; anal I, 8: Atlantic coast of America 

 and Europe, from Long Island to the Arctic, ascending the rivers; 

 also in tributaries of the Great Lakes and northward to Alaska; often 

 very common. 



5. Apeltes Dekay. Body naked; back rather elevated; 3 strong 

 free dorsal spines; tail very slender; pubic bones weak, not joined in the 

 median line; gill membranes joined to isthmus: i species. 



A. quadracus (Mitchill). Four-spined stickleback. Length 50 

 mm.; head 4; depth 4; rays of dorsal fin III-I, 11 ; anal I, 8; color brown- 

 ish olive above; silvery below; male almost black; body stout: Labrador 

 to New Jersey, in salt water, often ascending the streams; very common 

 northward. 



Order 12. Anacanthini. — Dorsal and anal fins very long and 

 without spines; ventral fins jugular, without spines; no pseudobranchite: 

 3 families, all marine, with i species in fresh water. 



