AMPHIBIANS 147 



3.2 Species occurring on the Pacitic slope, 

 bi Digits not webbed. 



Ci Costal grooves 14 P. vehiculum. 



C2 Costal grooves 16 P. elongatus. 



bo Digits webbed; costal grooves 12 or 13 P. vandykei. 



P. cinereus (Green). Red-backed salamander; dusky salamander 

 (Fig. 74). Body very slender, cylindrical and elongate, and dark brown 

 or dark gray in color with a broad, light reddish stripe running down the 

 back, which is sometimes wanting, there being thus two distinct color 

 phases; under parts mottled; length 90 mm.; tail 45 mm.; costal grooves 

 19; vomerine teeth not extcndins: laterally beyond the inner nares: 



Fig. 74. — Plelhodon cinereus {from Fowler). 



Canada and States east of the ISIississippi ; ISIissouri and Arkansas; 

 very common towards the north; both larvae and adults terrestrial. 



P. dorsalis Cope. Similar to P. cinereus but with 17 costal grooves, 

 and a zigzag dorsal stripe: southern portions of Ohio, Indiana and 

 Illinois to Alabama. 



P. glutinosus (Green) (Fig. 75). Body rather stout, depressed, 

 blackish in color with whitish blotches and dots; 

 length 138 mm.; tail 67 mm.; costal grooves 14; 

 vomerine teeth extending laterally beyond the inter- 

 nal nares: eastern and central States and New York; 

 westward to Wisconsin and central Texas; south- 

 ward to the Gulf States; terrestrial; common in upland 

 districts. ^'^- '5- — The 



roof of the mouth 



P. xonahlossee Dunn. Similar to P. glutinosus, of Pieihodon giun- 

 but with a chestnut red dorsal coloration and with ^^osus {from Dunn). 

 paired red spots: mountains of North Carolina and southwest 

 Virginia. 



P. metcalfi Brimley. Similar to P. glutinosus, but slenderer; color 

 plain plumbeous, paler beneath; length 108 mm.; tail 53 mm.; costal 

 grooves 14; vomerine teeth in 2 short curved transverse rows: moun- 

 tains of North Carolina; often very common. 



P. ivehrlei Fowler and Dunn. Similar to P. metcalfi; dorsal surface 

 with paired spots; costal grooves 17; toes webbed: central and western 

 Pennsylvania, West \'irginia and southwest New York. 



