MAMMALS 313 



E. g. rhoadsi Stone. Ears large, projecting conspicuously above the 

 fur; color dark chestnut; skull and teeth heavy: southern New Jersey to 

 New York. 



E. g. loringi Bailey. Size very small; colors bright: Minnesota and 

 eastern Dakotas, along the edge of timbered valleys. 



E. g. galei (Merriam). Size larger; colors lighter: Boreal zone of 

 Colorado to northern Montana. 



E. g. saturatus Rhoads. Size larger; colors lighter: Blue Mountains, 

 Oregon; northern Idaho. 



E. carolinensis Merr. Color dark chestnut, fading into lighter; 

 length 150 mm.; tail 45 mm.; hind foot 21 mm.: mountain forests of the 

 southern Alleghenies. 



E. brevicaudus (Merr.). Color pale reddish, mixed with black; 

 belly cream; length 125 mm.; tail 31 mm.; hind foot 19 mm.: Black 

 Hills; Boreal zone. 



E. idahoensis Merr. Color pale hazel, lined with black; length 

 153 mm.; tail 48 mm.; hind foot 20 mm.: mountains of south-central 

 Idaho. 



E. mazama Merr. Color cinnamon rufous; length 157 mm.; tail 

 52 mm.; hind foot 18 mm.: crest of the Cascades in Oregon. 



E. ohscurus Merr. Color olive gray above; length 155 mm.; tail 47 

 mm.; hind foot 17 mm.: eastern Oregon and northeastern California. 



E. californicus Merr. Color sepia above, dark chestnut on the 

 back; length 161 mm.; tail 50 mm.; hind foot 21 mm.: coast of Oregon 

 and northern California. 



E. occidentalis Merr. Color dark chestnut above; sides gray; under 

 parts salmon bufi; length 145 mm.; tail 45 mm.; hind foot 18 mm.: 

 Puget Sound and coast region of Washington. 



E. nivarius Bailey. Color light chestnut above; sides gray; length 

 150 mm.; tail 50 mm.; hind foot 18 mm.: high peaks of the Olympic 

 .Mountains, Washington. 



8. Ondatra Link {Fiber Cuvier). Muskrats. Body large and 

 stout; legs short; feet large, the feet and toes being fringed with short, 

 stiff hairs; hind toes partly webbed; tail flattened laterally, with few 

 hairs; fur thick, with longer hairs projecting from it; anal musk glands 

 present: 3 species, with many subspecies, all in North America; the most 

 important fur-bearing animals in the country. 



O. zibethica (L.). Common muskrat. Color brown, variable, 

 darker dorsally, whitish beneath; length 560 mm.; tail 250 mm.; hind 

 foot 81 mm.: North America, from the Arctic barrens and Hudson Bay 

 to the Mexican boundary; very common. The animals live in swamps 



