700 



photomechanical changes, 317 



Photonectes, 555 



photophores, 21, 536, 549 



photopic eye, 326 



photoreceptors, 305 



photosensitive pigments, 329 



Photostomias, 554 



P. guernei, 556 



phototaxis, 321 



Phoxinus, 342, 462, 526 



P. laevis, 343 



Phronima, 663 



Phyllirrhoe, 101, 560, 592, 614 



P. bucephala, 545, 546 



Phyllodoce, 138, 310, 476 



phyllodocin, 476 



Phyllopteryx eques, 500, 501 



Phyllosoma larva, 9 



Physalia, 17, 374, 375, 401, 473, 588 



P. physalis, 421 



Physeter, 247 



P. catodon, 170 



Physiculus japonicus, 559 



physiological media, 677 



physiological races, 15-16 



phytoplankton, 7, 203 



piddock, see Pholas 



pigment cells, 505 



pigment-migration, eyes, 314 



pigments, 469 



biological significance, 485 

 pilidium, 223 

 pilocarpine, 112, 273 

 pilot fish. See Naucrates 

 Pinctada, 484 

 Pinna, 174, 479, 590, 646 

 P. fragilis, 383 

 P. squamosa, 479 

 pinnaglobin, 174, 479 

 Pinnotheres, 229 

 pipe-fish, feeding, 243 

 Pisaster, 241 

 P. ochraceus, 285 

 pituitary gland, 519, 526 

 Pholas, 538 

 P. dactyl us, 537 

 Photoblepharon, 622 

 P. palpebratus, 560 

 Pista palmata, All 

 Pizonyx, 247 

 Placobranchus, 614 

 plaice. See Pleuronectes 

 Planktomya, 17 

 plankton, 2, 7, 202, 617 



settling of larvae, 447 



vertical migration, 324 

 plant-animal associations, 582, 610 

 planula-larva, 617 

 platelets, 125 



Platichthys ftesus, 108, 488 

 Platyhelminthes, parasitism, 592 

 Platynereis dumerili, 508, 531 

 Plesiopenaeus, 544 



INDEX 



Pleuwbrachia, 238, 349, 369, 371 

 P. pileus, 548 

 Pleurobranchaea , 445 

 P. californiea, 423 

 Pleurobranchus, 239 

 P. membranaceus, 664 

 Pleuronectes, 272, 273, 525, 526 

 P.platessa, 101, 186, 329, 482, 507 

 Plocamophorus ocellatus, 546 

 pneumatophore, 17, 401, 636 

 Podochela hemphilli, 583 

 Poecilochaetus, 508 

 Pogonophora, 653 

 poikilosmotic animals, 29 

 poison-fishes, 666 

 poison glands, 240 

 poisonous secretions, 255 

 poisons, 374, 664 

 polar cod. See Boreogadus 

 polarized light, 334 

 polychaetes — 



behaviour, 452 



boring species, 658 



carotenoids, 473 



chlorocruorin, 187 



circulation, 99, 117 



colour changes, 508 



commensalism, 588, 590 



digestion, 255, 260, 274 



excretion, 288 



feeding, 207, 224, 232, 238, 247 



giant axons, 434 



haemoglobin, 179, 183, 186, 187 



locomotion, 449 



luminescence, 541. 549, 572 



muscle. 384 



nephridium, 297 



osmotic relations, 35, 42 



parasitism, 247, 595 



tubes, 653 



respiration, 138, 143.. 165 



ventilation, 164 

 Poly cirrus, 541 

 P. arenivorus, 606 

 P. caliendrum, 497, 572, 577, 664 

 Polydectus cupulifera, 585 

 Poly dor a, 508, 658 

 P. ciliata, 658 

 P. hoplura, 490 

 Polykrikos, 372 

 Polymnia nebulosa, 589 

 Polynoe, 549 

 P. pulchra, 421 

 P. scolopendrina, 568, 589 

 polynoids, commensal species, 537, 588 

 Polyonyx, 590 

 polyphenol oxidase, 641 

 polyphenols, 641 

 Polytrema, 636 

 Polyzoa — 



brown body, 281 



excretion, 281 



feeding, 209 



