INDEX 



703 



Scomber scombr us, 124, 142, 179, 182, 183, 



186, 191,492,633 

 Scomberomorus maculatus, 3 1 

 Scophthalmus maximus, 153, 490, 523, 524 

 Scorpaena, 320 

 S. porcus, 153 

 Scorpaenidae, 666 



scorpion fishes. See Scorpaena, Scor- 

 paenidae 

 scoter. See Melanitta 

 scotopic eye, 326 

 scotopic visibility, 330 

 Scrobicularia, 95, 351 

 sculpin. See Myoxocephalus 

 scup. See Stenotomus 

 Scyliorhinus, 121, 142, 153, 242, 317, 520, 



635, 678 

 S. canicula, 91, 109, 155, 382, 519 

 S.stellaris, 91, 101, 318, 519 

 Scyphomedusae — 



commensalism, 584, 587 



feeding, 237 



muscle, 383, 386 



nervous system, 426 

 sea anemones — 



behaviour, 451 



commensalism, 584, 585, 587 



feeding, 237 



muscles, 385 



nervous system, 424, 449 



parasitism, 592 



See also actinians 

 sea cucumber, nervous system, 430 



See also holothurians 

 sea floor, 7 



sea horse. See Hippocampus 

 seals — 



feeding, 247 



respiration, 170, 171 



See also Cystophora, Eumetopias, 

 Halichoerus, Mirounga, Phoca 

 sea otter — 



diving, 170 



feeding, 247 

 sea pen, 637 

 Searsia koefoedi, 570 

 sea robin. See Prionotus 

 sea slater. See Ligia 

 sea snakes. See Hydrophiidae 

 seasonal acclimatization, 159 

 sea squirts. See ascidians 

 sea urchins — 



cloaking, 663 



colour changes, 508 



feeding, 232 



rock boring, 660 

 sea water — 



biological differences, 12 



chemical composition, 9, 675 



density, 16 



dissolved gases, 13 



hydrogen ion concentration, 12 



laboratory, 14 



sea water (contd.)— 



light penetration, 17 



transparency, 331 



viscosity, 16 

 Sebastes, 181 

 Sebastodes, 88 

 secretin, 273 

 secretion, 255, 272 

 selachians — 



digestion, 273 



excretion, 300 



heart, 121 



respiration, 142 



See also elasmobranchs, fish 

 semicircular canals, 342 

 sense cells, 306, 307, 418 

 sensory adaptation, 458 

 sensory hairs, 335 

 sensory organs, 305 

 Sepia, 112, 141, 259, 312, 314, 436, 437, 



443, 509, 512, 623, 633, 650, 651 

 S. officinalis, 180, 187, 190, 285, 286, 423 ; 



497, 499, 512 

 Sepietta, 622 

 Sepiola, 558, 622 

 S. biro st rat a, 622 

 S. ligulata, 558 

 S. rondeleti, 558, 621 

 Sepiolina nipponensis, 546 

 septibranch bivalves — 



digestion, 256 



feeding, 239 

 Septosaccus, 479 

 Sergestes, 537, 550 

 S. grandis, 309 

 S. prehensilis, 550 

 S. tenuiremis, 309 

 serotonin, 113, 255 



See also 5-hydroxytryptamine 

 Serpula, 654, 655 

 serpulids, tubes, 653 

 Serranus, 584 

 S. scriba, 153, 527 

 Sesarma erythrodactyla, 48 

 setae, use in feeding, 225 

 sex determination, 600 

 sexual coloration, 493, 527 

 sexual dimorphism, 494, 527 

 shadow responses, 320 

 shag. See cormorant, Phalacrocorax 

 sharks, feeding, 242 

 shark sucker. See Echeneis 

 sheath-bills, 245 

 shelters, 629, 663 

 shipworms, 660 



digestion, 261, 262 



nutrition, 235 



See also Bankia, Teredo 

 shrimps, seasonal migrations, 7 

 Sigalion, 434 

 silica, 630 

 Simnia patula, 498 

 sinus gland, Crustacea, 445, 516 



