INDf-X 



707 



van't Hoff's rule, 16 

 Velella, 17, 401,473 

 \elicer larvae — 



cilia, 369 



feeding. 223 

 venomous stings, 665 

 venoms, 664 



See also poisons 

 ventilation, 164, 169 

 Ven us mercenaria. See Mercenaria 



mercenaria 

 Venus verrucosa. 383 

 Vermetus, 214. 259, 260 

 V. gigas, 225 

 vertebrates — 



excretion, 288 



eyes, 312 



filter-feeding, 230 

 vertical migration, 324 

 vesicular muscle, 377 

 viscosity, sea water, 16 

 visual pigments, 329 

 visual purple, 329 

 vitamin A. 487 

 Vogtia spinosa, 570 

 Vorticella. 205 



walruses, feeding, 247 

 warning coloration, 497, 664 

 Watasenia, 550, 553, 575, 578 

 W. scintillans, 568, 575 

 water content, animals, 28 

 water movements, 3 

 Weberian ossicles, 341 

 weever-fish, 666 



See also Trachinus 

 whale birds. See Pachyptila 

 whalebone whales, feeding, 230 

 whales — 



ear. 344 



feeding, 230. 247 



whales (contcl.)— 



hearing, 344 



respiration, 172 



sound production, 407 



See also Balaena, Balaenoptera, 

 Physeter 

 whale shark. See Rhineodon 

 whelks, feeding, 235 

 white whale. See Delphinapterus 

 whiting. See Gadus merlangus 

 wood, digestion of, 261, 267 

 wood-borers, 261, 267, 660 



xanthine, 294 

 xanthine oxidase, 294 

 xanthophores, 484, 505 

 xanthophyll, 471, 486 

 Xenocoeloma. 606, 607, 608 

 X. brumpti. 606 

 Xiphosura — 



haemocyanin, 187 



respiration. 141. 166 



skeleton, 645 

 x-organ, Crustacea. 446, 516. 644 



Yoldia, 216 



Yonge, C. M. ; 254 

 Yungia, 449 



Zanc/ea. 592 

 Zeus, 243 

 Zoanthella, 617 



Zoanthina. 617 

 Zoarces viviparus, 357, 480 

 zonation, shore. 4 

 zoochlorellae, 610 

 zooplankton, 7, 202 

 Zoothamnium mar i mini, 40 

 zooxanthellae. 610 

 Zostera, 530 



