32 University of California Publications. [Entomology 



the base of the wing, von Lendenfeldt's sixth ending, as it does, 

 on the fifth some distance from the wing-roots. There are 

 really seven veins (compare Fig. 11), as the first and fifth, on 

 account of their close proximity to the second and fourth, 

 were overlooked by both observers. This, however, does not 

 materially affect the questions regarding the articulation of 

 the wing. 



The bases of the fore and hind wings are easily and strictly 

 comparable, so that the following description will apply to 

 either (see Fig. 11): 



The first vein, which has rarely been distinguished from the 

 second, lies immediately on the front margin of the wing. 

 Except at the base of the wing, the first is distinctly ventrad 

 to the second, lying in close proximity to it throughout the 

 whole length and continuing as the marginal vein around tJie 

 outer and posterior edge of the wing. 



The second vein forms at the base the anterior wing-root. 

 Before expanding into the root it is first narrowed obliquely 

 and then broadly constricted. The wing-root consists of a 

 black plate innnediately attached to the vein, in front of that 

 a broader, green-colored expansion, and finally in front of this 

 a detached, somewhat clavate, dark-colored jjortion. 



The third vein is very far ventrad of the adjacent ones. Its 

 outer extremity is at the nodus, and its basal termination is a 

 simple rounded enlargement free from any attachment. ' Just 

 distal to the basal end, this vein is bound to the adjacent 

 veins by a triangular cross vein, the three veins being attached 

 to the angles of the triangle. The anterior ventral limb of 

 this triangular cross vein is somewhat enlarged and bounds 

 externally the anterior condyloid cavity of the wing-root. 



The fourth vein is the strongest one iii the wing. At the 

 base it is somewhat flattened and expanded vertically, form- 

 ing the front edge of the posterior wing-root. 



Thie fifth vein is usually confused with the fourth, to which 

 it lies closely appressed. Distally it ends in the arculus. At 

 the basal end it expands into a large L-shaped portion consti- 

 tuting the Ijulk of the posterior wing-root. Between the limbs 

 of the L })rojects the green tuberosity of this root. 



The sixth vein is deeply ventrad to the adjacent veins, 

 nearly as much so as the third. The basal end is abrupt and 

 slightly expanded, apparently for muscle attachment. It is 



