258 NATO URAVE S| GILEINIGE. APRIL, 
known energy. But it is to Mr. Johnston that we owe our first 
acquaintance with the mammal fauna of Kilima-njaro, and, as will 
be seen by reference to Mr. Thomas’s list, published in the ‘“ Pro- 
ceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1885 (3), seventeen species 
of the mammals that inhabit this mountain thus first became known 
to us. The mammals obtained and observed by Mr. Johnston 
belonged mostly to well-known and widely-distributed species, such 
as usually fall into the hands of a first explorer; but Mr. Johnston 
made many good notes on the subject (4), and was the discoverer of 
the fine local form of the Guereza Monkey (Colobus caudatus), which is 
restricted to Kilima-njaro. Mr. Johnston remarks as follows on the 
monkey life of the district :— 
‘During eight months on the Congo, I only saw monkeys twice 
in a wild state, and that in one place only ; and throughout my entire 
stay of sixteen months in West Africa, [ can only remember six 
occasions on which I actually beheld these animals in a state of nature. 
On the other hand, I had scarcely left the East Coast to journey to- 
wards Kilima-njaro when monkeys showed themselves abundantly in 
the wilds. 
‘“‘The first to attract my attention were the baboons, probably 
the species known as Cynocephalus hamadryas, C. sphinx, and C. babown. 
They were generally found on the outskirts of native plantations, 
where they almost subsisted on the maize and other food-stuffs stolen 
from the gardens of their more highly-developed fellow primates. In 
the inhabited region of Kilima-njaro, generally known as the country 
of Caga, baboons were strangely abundant. They were generally in 
flocks of fourteen to twenty, of all ages, and both sexes. They were 
so little molested by the natives that they showed small fear of man, 
and, instead of running away, would often stop to look at me about 
twenty yards off, and the old males would show their teeth and grunt. 
1 have frequently seen the natives driving them from the plantations, 
as they might a troop of naughty boys, and the baboons retreating 
with swollen cheek-pouches, often dragging after them a portion of 
the spoil. On one occasion, in a river-bed at the foot of Kilima-njaro 
my Indian servant, ordinarily a very plucky boy, met a troop of 
baboons, who, instead of fleeing up into the trees, came running 
towards him in a very menacing manner, and he was so frightened at 
their aspect that he took to hisheels. The baboons followed, and, but 
that the boy forded the shallow stream, and put the water between 
him and his pursuers, he might have had an awkward contest. I 
killed a baboon once in Caga, one of a troop who were rifling 
a maize plantation, and its companions, instead of running away, 
surrounded the corpse and snarled at me. As I had fired 
off both barrels of my gun, and had no more ammunition, I went 
back to the settlement to fetch some of my followers, and upon 
the approach of several men the baboons ran off. We picked 
up the dead one and carried it back. It wasa female, and apparently 
young and tender. Out of curiosity, I had its flesh cooked the next 
day and ate it, hoping in this lawful way to form some idea of the 
practice of cannibalism; I can only say that the succulence and 
quality of this creature’s flesh were quite unexceptionable. I have 
noticed this with most of the species of Old World monkey I have as 
yet tasted. During my four months’ stay in Mandara’s country I ate 
the common Cercopithecus constantly, and found it made a very tooth- 
