1893. THE FRUIT-SPIKE OF CALAMITES. 359 
among those of the type of Avthvopitys. This, however, is a matter of 
secondary importance compared with the fact that, after so many 
years of controversy and doubt, we have, at last, got clear and con- 
clusive evidence that Calamostachys Binneyana is the fruit-spike of some 
form of Calamites. 
> 
REFERENCES. 
. Carruthers, W.—On the Structure of the Fruit of Calamites. Fournal of 
Botany, 1867. 
. Schimper, W. Ph.—Paléontclogie Végétale, vol. i., 1869. 
. Binney, E. W.—Observations on the Structure of Fossil Plants found in 
the Carboniferous Strata. Palzontographical Society. I. Calamites and 
Calamodendron, 1868. 
. Williamson, W. C.—On the Organisation of the Fossil Plants of the Coal- 
measures. Phil. Tvans., 1871-1888. 
——Ibid. Part I1., Phil. Trans., 1871, p. 501. 
———.—Ibid. Part V., Phil. Tvans., 1874, p. 65. 
———.—Ibid. Part V., Phil. Trans., 1874, p. 75. 
——.—Ibid. Part IX., Phil. Trans., 1878, p. 334. 
Ibid. Part X., Phil. Trans., 1880, p. 504. 
.—Ibid. Part XI., Phil. Tvans., 1881, p. 299. 


. ——.—Ibid. Part XIV., Phil. Trans., 1888, p. 47. 
—Ibid. Part V., Phil. Tvans., 1874, p. 54. 
.—General, Morphological, and Historical Index to the Author's Col- 
lective Memoirs on the Fossil Plants of the Coal-measures. Part I. 
Memoirs and Proceedings of the Literary and Philosophical Society of 
Manchester. Series iv., vol. iv., 1891. P. 14 (of reprint). 

Tuomas Hick. 
