1893. SOME NEW BOOKS. 389 
heron watching for trout at some broken weir, the author is equally 
at home; and we can thoroughly recommend his book to all lovers of 
Nature as a living picture of many British animals in their native 
haunts. RPL. 
THE RECRUDESCENCE OF LEPROSY AND ITS CAUSATION. By William Tebb. 8vo. 
Pp. 412. London: Swan Sonnenschein, 1893. Price 6s. 
Tuis is a book written to show that vaccination is accountable for 
the spread of leprosy. We go so far with the author in entirely con- 
demning the system of arm-to-arm vaccination, for it is definitely 
certain that though the health of the child may be satisfactory, in 
gg cases out of 100 there is no means of ascertaining the condition of 
its progenitors. The author has collected together much information 
concerning leprosy that is valuable tu the professional as well as 
interesting to the general reader, and concludes by observing that, 
as the disease is “‘ practically incurable, it behoves all interested in 
the public well-being to do their best to prevent its diffusion,” which 
he considers is largely due to the practice of vaccination. 
EvoLuTION AND Man’s PLAcE IN Nature. By Henry Calderwood, LL.D., 
F.R.S.E., Professor of Moral Philosophy, University of Edinburgh. Pp. 349. 
London: Macmillan & Co., 1893. Price 7s. 6d. 
In the minds of many some of the value of a book on Man’s Place 
in Nature, written by the holder of an endowed chair of Moral 
Philosophy in a Scotch University, will be discounted from the 
outset. The Professor must hold a brief for his client, and his client 
is Man asa Moral Agent. The interest of the book or the lectures 
for such readers resolves itself into a curious contemplation of the 
byeways by which the author shall arrive at the known goal. The 
Scotch Professor of Moral Philosophy, at whose feet this reviewer 
had the duty of sitting, cleared a Stanley path through the forest of 
Science, raucously scaring the poor pigmies, shooting down the 
detestable niggers, hacking through the forest, marching straight 
with blundering and boisterous declamation on his inspired mission. 
Quite other is Professor Calderwood. On his way to his conclusions 
he dallies with variation and environment, embryology and evolution, 
very agreeably passes the time of day with Huxley and Heckel, Eimer 
and Weismann, Helmholtz and Darwin, and says what very intelli- 
gent fellows (in a moderate and non-moral way) they all are. But 
when the real business comes on (in the last chapter) the naturalists 
rather fade away, and are replaced by Aristotle and Plato, Butler and 
Green, Shakespeare and Holy Writ, and Professor Ray Lankester ; 
for Professor Ray Lankester has written on ‘‘ Degeneration ”—a 
branch of the theory of Evolution held in high honour among the 
dogmatic. 
Professor Calderwood accepts the principle of evolution so far as 
man’s body is concerned. With the proviso that life itself is inex- 
plicable on mechanical or chemical grounds, and with the usual 
quotation from Huxley against abiogenesis, readily enough he con- 
cedes that there is an enormous preponderance of evidence in favour 
of the organism of man being of the same kind, and descended in 
the same way, as other organisms; but in addition to this organic 
life, he claims for man ‘rational life’? unexplained by science and 
giving to man a dominance and position in nature totally unex- 
