BRACHIONIDA. 119 
where the species is named rubens.) The eye consists of three cells of ruby crimson, 
from the edges of each of which, under sunlight, brilliant reflection is seen—P.H.G.]. 
Length. Of lorica, J, inch ; total, foot and head extruded, 4,inch. Width ;}, inch. 
Habitat. Ponds and ornamental waters near London; Birmingham (P.H.G.): rather 
uncommon. 
B. nuBENS, Ehrenberg. 
(Pl. XXVIL., fig. 5; and Pl. A.) 
Brachionus rubens . . : Ehrenberg, Die Infus. 1838, p. 513, Taf. Ixiii. fig. 4. 
[SP. CH. Nearly as the preceding, but the occipital spines have the form of saw- 
teeth, sloping inward ; and of the pectoral edge the central elevation is more marked. 
I have strong doubts whether B. wreeolaris and B. rubens are specifically distinct. 
Very different individuals may, indeed, readily be presented; but a series do certainly 
run into each other. Considering them for the present as distinct, I refer to the figs. 
on Plate A, and its explanation, in which it has been selected for illustration as typically 
representing the organization of the whole class. In examples which we may call more 
characteristically rwbens, we may see the gastric glands in a very peculiar condition ; 
each consisting of two sacs, quite distinct, each separated by a long duct, and the inner 
one leading by a duct to the esophagus, while the outer is manifestly united with the 
lateral canal. Then the canals themselves form several distended sacs with necks, 
just before they enter the contractile vesicle, which is here unusually small, for the 
genus.—P.H.G.] 
Length and Habitat. As the preceding. 
B. Miuuert, Lhrenberg. 
(Pl. XXVII. fig. 7; and Pl. XXX. fig. 8.) 
Brachionus Miilleri . : 0 Ehrenberg, Die Infus. 1838, p. 513, Taf. Ixiii. fig. 5. 
rs hepatotomus  . 5 Gosse, Ann. Nat. Hist. 2 Ser. vol. viii. 1851, p. 203. 
[SP. CH. The occipital spines reduced to low saw-teeth, much wider than high, 
with their outer edges sinwate; the pectoral line nearly straight, notched into round 
lobes. Marine. 
This is a very fine, elegant, and attractive species; and its marine habitat at once 
distinguishes it. I obtained it on the Essex coast six-and-thirty years ago; and 
recently Mr. Hood has sent it to me in abundance from tide-pools in the Firth of Tay, 
and Mr. Brightwell from Norfolk. It is a good traveller and lives long in small phials. 
I have had it in abundance in my own marine aquarium. 
Each gastric gland is a great sac divided nearly to its base, so as to appear two; and 
these vary greatly in shape and in relative size. They are very distinctly connected 
with the lateral canals. Both male and female eggs are carried, and males are pro- 
duced in abundance. The middle of the body in this sex is occupied by the spermatic 
sac, a great pyriform vessel connected by a bottle-like neck with the head-mass. On 
pressure this sac is seen to be full of bodies haying a vermicular motion; and, on the 
pressure being continued, it bursts, freeing about thirty spermatozoa of unusual size, each 
being 335 inch long, a slender body merging into a long whip-like tail which maintains 
a quivering undulatory motion for several minutes after exclusion.—P.H.G.] 
Some fine specimens sent to me by Mr. J. Hood enabled me to make a drawing of 
the ventral aspect of this Brachionws (Pl. XXX. fig. 8), and to add a few notes to the 
above. The transparent vesicles which embrace the buccal funnel, and, resting on the 
mastax, reach up to the head, are here unusually large and conspicuous. The lateral 
antenne can be readily seen protruding the tips of their heads from a dent in the lorica 
on either side just below the gastric glands: they are here, as is often the case, attached 
also to the floccose investment of the lateral canals, and their nerve-threads are obvious. 
