272 ANALYTICAL INDEX. 



CHAPTER L— continued. 



The difference in form and parts described, . . page 80 



One of the largest specimens about four inches and a half long, 82 

 When laid open, six strong, muscular bands run down the whole length, 83 



Plate XV., Holothuria phmitapus, ... ib. 



Holothuria elegans of Miiller, . . . . .84 



Holothuria evidently a local creature, ... ib. 



Large and fleshy species said to serve as food at Naples, . ib. 



Few naturalists have studied from living specimens, . 85 



Holothuria, — summary of details, . . . . ib. 



Little known of their habits in their native state, ■ . . 86 



CHAPTER II.— AsTERiAs, the Sea Star, . . • . . 87 



All inhabit the sea — no similar animal found in fresh water, ib. 



Considerable variety in their organization, ... ib. 



In the water they have a swift, gliding motion, as if nearly buoyant, 88 



Deprived of water they soon fall from the sides of the glass to the bottom, ib. 



Crawl into fissures for protection when the tide ebbs, . . 88 



Swarm throughout the Scottish seas in great variety, . ib. 



They are voracious and carnivorous, . . . . ib. 



Their alleged destruction of oysters improbable, . . ib. 



Not the rays of the star-fish which its prey may dread, but Its mouth, 90 



Their habits, ...... ib. 



Grow to a large size, . . . . . .91 



Number of organs not uniform in these animals, . . ib. 



All are cold, rigid, and disagreeable to the touch, . . ib. 



Subject to frightful mutilations, .... ib. 



If death does not ensue, the lost organs are replaced, . . ib. 



The aspect of individuals vary much, both in form and colour, ib. 



Presents many beautiful patterns for imitation in the arts, . 92 



Surface subject to continual alteration, ... ib. 

 Mode of perpetuation obscure — roe generated in spring and advances 



to maturity in summer, . . . . .92 



Ovaria determined by the species, .... 93 



The embryo animal originally circular, . . . ib. 

 Star-fish live many years — may be divided into two sections : — 



I. The Asterias. II. The Ophtura, . . . ib. 



SECTION I. — § 1. Asterias GLACiALis. — Northern Sea Star, Cross-fish, 93 



Abundant in the Scottish seas, . . . . ib. 



Form and organs, ...... 94 



