458 ORDER CILIO-FLAGELLATA. 



by Schrank and Perty, a type indistinguishable from it was obtained in the neigh- 

 bourhood of Calcutta, in September 1859, by Major, now Colonel, Stuart- Wordey, 

 as shown by delineations of the same supplied by him to Mr. Carter, copies of 

 which are in possession of the author. Quite recently again, August 1879, examples 

 according in all essential details with the Bernese and Indian form, have been 

 received by the author through Mr. J. Levick and Mr. Thomas Bolton, from the 

 Olton Reservoir near Birmingham. In the specimens personally examined, it was 

 found that the surfaces of the body and each of the four horn-like prolongations 

 were distinctly asperate. Such ornamentation, although not recorded of the Con- 

 tinental or Indian examples, may have existed, but escaped the notice of their 

 recorders in consequence of the employment of insufficient magnifying power; or, 

 as in the case of C. tripos^ it may be the outcome only of local influences. 



An interesting circumstance connected with the discovery of this type in British 

 waters is connected with the fact that a Rotifer, Aiiurea lougispina, also new to this 

 country,* was simultaneously met with, in which long spinous processes, similar in 

 number, proportions, and plan of disposition, are developed from the surface of the 

 carapace. The interesting Entomostracon Lcptodora Jiyalina, hitherto unknown to 

 Britain, was likewise derived from the same locality. 



Ceratium Kumaonense, Carter. Pl. XXV. Fig. 25. 



Cuirass subtriangular, with two anterior and one posterior straight and 

 massive horn-like processes ; one of the anterior horns axially directed 

 and, together with the posterior one, equalling the body in length ; the 

 second or antero-lateral horn produced obliquely, not half the length of the 

 other two ; all three of these processes finely and evenly serrated. Colour 

 reddish-brown. Entire length 1-125". 



Hab. — Fresh water. 



This species, described by Mr. Carter in the ' Annals and Magazine of Natural 

 History,' vol. vii. 1871, was obtained in the lakes of Kumaon, Hindostan, at an eleva- 

 tion of from 4000 to 6500 feet above the sea-level, occurring there in such abundance 

 that the ordinary blue colour of the water was temporarily turned by their presence 

 to rusty red. From Ceratium furca, with which it most nearly corresponds, this 

 type is to be distinguished by the serration and the shorter proportional lengths of 

 the horn-like processes. 



Genus VII. DINOPHYSIS, Ehrenberg. 



Animalcules encuirassed, having a transverse annular ciliated furrow 

 close to the posterior extremity, and joining this on the ventral surface 

 a raised longitudinal perpendicular crest consisting of two membranous 

 plates, from the groove between which a single long flagellum takes its 

 origin. Inhabiting salt water. 



It was first supposed by Ehrenberg that the animalcules referred by him to this 

 genus were most nearly allied to the Ophrydin^ {Ophrydinin and Vaglnicola) though he 

 afterwards assigned them to their true places as here indicated. At the same time 

 the position and character of the cilia and flagellate appendage were not determined 

 or represented by him, although he predicated their existence in consequence of the 

 movements they exhibited. Claparede and Lachmann, to whom we are indebted 

 for a more accurate definition of the genus, and who have added to it many new 

 specific forms, fancifully compare the contour of its representatives to small lidded 



* J. Levick on a new Rotifer, 'Midland Naturalist,' October, 1879. 



