PRESIDENT’S ADDRESS. 19 
visited was Greaves Ash, where the fortified strongholds, and 
numerous remains of hut circles were inspected. These have 
been most systematically and carefully excavated, under the care 
of Mr. Tate, the secretary of the Berwickshire Field Club, and 
at the expense of the Duke of Northumberland. From this 
exploration the most valuable results, as regards the mode of life 
and the nature of the dwellings and the defences of the British 
tribes, have resulted. An admirable account of these forts, 
and the town adjacent, has been drawn up by Mr. Tate, and is 
published in the Transactions of the Berwickshire Field Club, for 
1861, and to this paper I must refer our members for full infor- 
mation on this very curious subject. The town, to call it by 
that name, has consisted of three separate, and yet connected parts, 
within which are found the foundations of the circular huts, 
made of stones, and upon which rested the wood joists, which 
coming to a point in the centre and covered with turf or 
straw, formed the rude habitation of the people who built this 
town. Similar fortified places of habitation occur in Devonshire, 
Somersetshire, and Cornwall; Carn Brae, Worle Camp and 
Chysaster, in these counties, are all towns built very much on the 
model of this at Greaves Ash. 
After dining at the camp, the members visited Linhope Spout, 
a picturesque waterfall, higher up the Breamish. They then 
returned, following the course of the stream, to Ingram, 
whence they drove to Glanton and Pow Burn, where they passed 
the night. The members who staid at Pow Burn went to 
Crawley Tower, a Peel house, once belonging to a branch of the 
great house of Heron of Ford, and which is itself situated within 
a fortified place of a much earlier period. In Crawley Dene 
were scen rocks of the Tuedian group, a section of the carboni- 
ferous limestone, the characteristic features and fossils of which 
were first made out and illustrated by Mr. Tate, F.G.S8., of 
Alnwick. The whole party then drove to Percy’s Leap 
and Cross, and thence to Old Bewick, where Mr. Langlands, 
with true Northumbrian hospitality, had provided breakfast. 
The first place visited was the ruined chapel, one of five or six,* 
* Old BGewick, Lilburne, Wooperton, Branton, Harehope and Brandon. 
