142 CATALOGUE OF THE MAMMALIA OF 
be his opinion that “ besides the two wild European species of 
Bos, the Urus (B. primigenius), and the Aurochs (B. bison), three 
domestic races of oxen occur in the Swiss Lake Habitations.” The 
first of these (he considers) is allied to the Urus, and he there- 

Figs. 4 & 5. Skulls of B. primigenius (a), B. longifrons (b), after Owen. 
fore calls it the “ primigenius’” race. This occurs in all the Pile 
works of the Stone period. The second, or Trochoceros race, he 
correlates with a fossil species from the Diluvium of Arezzo and 
Siena, described under that name by F. von Meyer. The third, 
or longifrons race, is by far the most common of the three. Turn- 
ing to the examination of the present European races of oxen, he 
considers that the old Trochoceros race is extinct, but he sees in 
the great cattle of Friesland and Holstein the descendants of the 
primigenius race. This large race does not now occur in Swit- 
zerland, but there are still in that country two distinct varieties 
of domestic cattle. The first, of various shades of colour but 
without spots, prevailing in the whole country south of a line 
drawn from Lake Constance to Wallis, agrees in its general 
osteological characters with the longifrons of Owen. 
