NORTHUMBERLAND AND DURHAM. 147 
At Burton Constable in Yorkshire, a herd existed up to the 
close of the last century when they perished, like those at Drum- 
lanrig, of distemper. 
But there still exist herds closely resembling those at Chil- 
lingham, at Gisburne in Craven, Yorkshire, the seat of Lord 
Ribblesdale; at Lyme Park in Cheshire, and at Chartley Park in 
Staffordshire, the seat of Lord Ferrers. Of the last we are able 
to quote an excellent description. ‘A still nobler animal than 
the stag exists in this county, and in its wild state. The wild 
ox formerly roamed over Needwood Forest, and in the thirteenth 
century William de Ferrariis caused the park of Chartley to be 
separated from the forest, and the turf of this extensive enclosure 
still remains almost in its primitive state. Here a herd of wild 
cattle has been preserved down to the present day, and they 
retain their wild characteristics like those at Chillingham. 
They are cream coloured, with black muzzles and ears, their fine 
sharp horns are tipped with black. They are not easily ap- 
proached, but are harmless unless molested.”* 

Figs. 6 & 7. Skull of Chillingham Cattle. 
It will be seen that these cattle, and, we believe, most of the 
other wild herds have the tips of the ears, muzzle, and tail 
black. Itis said that at Chillingham this also was the case with 
many of the cattle, but that these were shot off by the keepers, 
and thus the peculiarity was in time eliminated. This was, we 
* Garner’s Nat. Hist. of Staffordshire, 1844, p. 249. 
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