210 DR. R. WILSON ON THE COAL MINERS 
in Durham and Northumberland they are 1:312. We further 
notice from the same table that in the Durham and Northum- 
land districts the deaths per cent. of males, exclusive of miners, 
are 1:°855; whilst in the South Wales districts the numbers are, 
for miners, 2:618; and deaths, exclusive of miners, 2:214. Thus 
we perceive that the per-centage of deaths of miners in the 
Northumberland and Durham districts is only about one-half 
that of the South Wales districts; also, we notice, that the per- 
centage of pitmen’s deaths of the Northumberland and Durham 
districts is less than that of the males of the same district, 
exclusive of miners, whilst the reverse of this obtains in the 
South Wales districts, the per-centage of deaths of miners there 
being greater than that of males, exclusive of miners. 
From another table in the same document of the after-life 
time of males of all classes at the age of twenty, we find the 
after-life time of males of all classes in England and Wales at 
twenty to be, in round numbers, 39 years. From 63 healthy 
country districts, 43; Cornish miners, 384; Staffordshire, 33 ; 
Durham and Northumberland, 42; South Wales, 30. Thus 
the miner of the North of England has an average of life three 
years longer than the aggregate of Englishmen; eight years 
longer than the Cornish miner; nine than the Staffordshire, and 
twelve than the South Wales miner, and only one year less than 
that of the men of the healthiest districts in the kingdom. But 
these calculations were made ten years ago, and although my 
experience corroborates them, it is desirable to bring some addi- 
tional facts to bear on the subject, to substantiate the results of 
past researches, and of my own personal observations. 
Within the last few days I have taken from the Registrar of 
the Easington Union the cause of death of every coal miner and 
every coal miner’s son above ten years of age, who died during 
the last ten years. The Union has an area of 34,780 acres, and 
a population of 26,938; eight or nine large collieries are within 
it, and the number of coal-hewers is considerably above 3,000; 
the deaths from all causes have been 5,365; the deaths of coal 
miners and men who worked in or about collieries are 470; of 
these 85 were caused by smallpox, cholera, and fever; 33 by 
—— sory,” 4 
