866 GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 



Biogenetic. Gr. bios, life ; genesis, origin. Relating to the doctrine that all life springs 



from antecedent life, in contradistinction to Abiogenesis or de novo generation. 

 Bioplasm. Gr. bios, life ; plasjna, what is formed. The essential vital element of all 



organic bodies, equivalent to Protoplasjn. 

 Blastomere. Gr. blaston, a germ; meros, a portion. The areas delimited by the 



segmentation of the ovum. 

 Buccal. Lat. bucca, the mouth. Relating to the mouth or oral aperture. 

 Campanulate. Lat. campamda, a little bell. Having the shape of a bell. 

 Cancellate. Lat. cancelli, a lattice or grating. Having an open network- or lattice-like 



structure. 

 Carapace. Gr. karabos, a crustaceous animal. The indurated dorsal shield possessed 



by such infusorial forms as Euplotes and Aspidisca. 



Capillitium. Lat. capillitium, the hair collectively. The thread or hair-like filaments 

 developed within the spore-capsules or sporangia of certain Mycetozoa. 



Capitulum. Lat. capitulum, a little head. Term applied to the stalked spheroidal 



spore-receptacles or sporangia of certain Mycetozoa. 

 Cataclysmic. Gr. kataklysmos, an inundation, deluge. Having reference to sudden 



and abnormal alterations of the conditions of the universe, such as by a deluge or an 



earthquake. 

 Chitinous. Gr. chiton, a coat of mail. Corresponding in nature with chitine or the 



horny material which forms the protective covering and skeletal elements of Insects 



and other Arthropoda. 

 Chlorophyll. Gr. chloros, grass-green ; phullon, a leaf. The green colouring-matter 



of vegetable organisms. 

 Chlorophyllaceous. Having the nature of chlorophyll. 



Cilia. Lat. cilium, an eyelash. The fine hair-like appendages that constitute the 

 locomotive organs of a large group of Infusoria and many lower animals. 



Cirri. Lat. cirrus, a lock of hair. The elongate, flattened modifications of ordinary 



ciha, developed upon the peristomal region of many Ciliate Infusoria. 

 Cloaca. Lat. cloaca, a common sewer. The common cavity upon which the interstitial 

 canal-systems of a sponge body open, and are thence discharged into the surrounding 

 water. 

 COENOBIUINL Gr. koinos, common ; bios, life. Term applied by Stein to the spherical 

 monad clusters developed at the terminations of the branching pedicle of such a type 

 as Anthophysa. 

 Commensal. Lat. cum, together ; rnensa, table, board. Term applied by Van Beneden 

 to those pseudoparasitic organisms which do not live at the expense of the organisms 

 to which they are usually attached, but are associated with them simply as comrades 

 or messmates. 

 Commensalism. Lat. cum, together ; mensa, table, board. The state of existence as a 



commensal. 

 Conjugation. Lat. conjugo, to unite. The temporary or permanent growing together 

 of two or more infusorial bodies, such union conducing to reproduction by germs or 

 spores or to the renewal of their capacity to multiply by simple fission. 

 Convolute. Lat. con, together ; volutus, rolled. Rolled upon itself. 

 Cortical. Lat. cortex, bark. Relating to the bark or external layer of an organism. 

 Crateriform. Lat. cratera, a cup ; forma, form. Having the shape of a cup. 

 Crenulate. Dim. of Lat. crena, notch. Finely notched or serrated. 



