312 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES 



2394. Epinephelus drummond-hayi Goode and Bean. Speckled hind; 



John paw. 

 Bermudas, south Atlantic and Gulf coast of United States: Charleston, 



S. C. 

 Epinephelus drummond-hayi Goode and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 



I, 1878, 173, 174, Pensacola; Bermuda. 



2395. Epinephelus niphobles Gilbert and Starks. 



Alagdalcna Bay, Lower California. 



Epinephelus niphobles Gilbert and Starks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XIX, 

 1896, 442, Magdalena Bay, Lower California. 



Subgenus VIVERO ^^ Jordan and Evermann. 



2396. Epinephelus morio (Cuvier and Valenciennes). Red grouper; Cherna 



americana; Cherna de vivero; Ncgre. 

 Atlantic coast of America; Woods Hole to Rio Janeiro. 

 Serranus morio Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., II, 1828, 



211 (285), New York and San Domingo. 

 Serranus erythrogaster DeKay, New York Fauna: Fishes, 1842, 21, pi. 



19, fig. .52, Florida. 

 Serranus remolus Poey, Memorias, II, 1860, 140, Cuba. 



Genus 826. GARRUPA Jordan. Black groupers. 



Garrupa Jordan, Bull. U. S. Fish Com., VIII, 1888 (1890), 353 {Ser- 

 ranus nigritus Holbrook). 



2397. Qarrupa nigrita (Holbrook). Black jewfish; Black grouper; Mero de 



lo alto. 

 South Atlantic and Gulf coast of the United States, Charleston and 



Pensacola to Cuba and Brazil; perhaps straying to Sicily. 

 Serranus nigritus Holbrook, Ichtla. South Carolina, Ed. I, 1855, 173, 



pi. 25, fig. 11, Charleston, S. C. 

 Centropristis mcrus Poey, Synopsis Piscium Cubensium, 1868, 288, 



Cuba. 

 ICerna sicana Doderlein, l^ivista delle Specie del Genera Epinephelus 



o Cerna, 1882, 81, Palermo. 



Genus 827. PROMICROPS Gill. Guasas. 



Promicrops Gill, in Poey, Synopsis, 1868, 287 (Serranus guasa Poey = 



Itaiara Lichtenstein). 

 Itaiara Vaillant and Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mexique, 1875, 90 (Serranus 



itaiara Lichtenstein). 



2398. Promicrops itaiara (Lichtenstein). Guasa; Spotted jewfish; M&ro. 



Atlantic coast of tropical America, from Florida to Brazil; not uncom- 

 mon about rocks. 



Cugupuguacu Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina, 1771, 14; nonbinomial. 



Serranus itaiara Lichtenstein, Abhandl. Berlin Acad. Wiss., 1821 (1822), 

 278, Brazil; not Itaiara of Marcgrave. 



Serranus galeus Miiller and Troschel, in Schomburgk's Reise in Brit. 

 Guiana, 1848, 621, Guiana. 



Serranus guasa Poey, Memorias, II, 1861, 141; 1861, 354, Cuba. 



2399. Promicrops quinquefasciata (Bocourt). 



Pacific coast of Central America. 



Serranus quinquefasciatus Bocourt, Ann. Sci. Nat., X, 1868, 223, Nagua- 

 late, Pacific coast of Guatemala; verj' close to P. itaiara. 



Genus 828. ALPHESTES Bloch and Schneider. 



Alphestes Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 1801, 236 (Epinephelus 



afer Bloch). 

 Prospinus Poey, in Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XIV, 1862, 287 



(Plectropoma chloropterum Cuvier and Ya,\enciennes = Alphestes afer 



Bloch). 



2400. Alphestes afer (Bloch). 



West Indies; Cul)a to Brazil; recorded perhaps doubtfully from Guinea, 



if so, the American species, A. chloropterus, may prove different. 

 Epinephelus afer Bloch, Ichthyol., 1793, pi. 327, Acard, in Guinea. 

 Plectropoma chloropterum Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 



II, 1828, 300 (398), San Domingo, Martinique. 



M The subgenus Virero is based on Epinephelus morio (Cuv. & Val.) which differs from all other species 

 of Epinephelus in the elevation of the second dorsal spine. 



