FISHES OF THE CONNECTICUT LAKES. 69 



faces, whether rippled or not. Under " waves " are included all ruf- 

 fled water not breaking into white caps. Under " rough "' are in- 

 cluded all crested waves. These grades of surface present clearly 

 marked distinctions which some forms of plankton may recognize 

 and to which they may react. 



Adjacent ])Ools. — On the east and north shores of the large eastern 

 expanse of the lake the sand of tlie beach is piled up in such a way as 

 to impound in several places the water which may wash over from 

 the lake or find its way into the hollows by seepage or from springs. 

 In one of these in the northeast curve of the lake and a similar one in 

 the middle of the north shore line the supply from springs is sufficient 

 to cause a constant stream to cut its way through the intervening 

 bank and enter the lake. The conditions of life in these pools are 

 very different from those found elsewhere. The shallow expanse, 

 almost unchanging water, and resulting high temperature, 80° F., 

 give a peculiar flora. The pools on the east differed from those on 

 the north. The east pools were filled with Mougeotia sp., Chara 

 coronata, Potainogeton pusillus^ G allitriche faluHtris^ Myriophyllum 

 alternifoliwni^ and Utricularia vulgaris. The pool on the north was 

 filled with Sagittaria latifoUa^ Myriophyllum farwelVn., and Utricu- 

 laria vulgaris. This pool remained luxuriant throughout the season, 

 while those on the east became choked with vegetation and cleared 

 through decomposition during the summer. The pools which have 

 communication with the lake doubtless are a source of plankton forms 

 loving or requiring quiet water of relatively high temperature and a 

 dense vegetable environment. 



SECOND LAKE. 



Shore vegetation. — The shore line of the northern part of this lake 

 is of small bowlders along the western shore and the tongue of land. 

 A small portion of the eastern shore wdiich receives the sweep of 

 wind across the entire lake is a sandy beach. The remainder of the 

 shore line and the shore line of South Bay is a turf. The rocky 

 shore is characterized by royal fern {Osmunda regalis)., sweet gale 

 {Myricagale), speckled alder {Alnus incana), meadow-sweet (Spiraea 

 salicifolia) , red osier dogwood (Cornus stolo^iif era), vhodorn {Rho- 

 dora canadensis), sheep-laurel {Kalmia angusti folia), and withe-rod 

 {Vihurnum cassinoides) , with a background of black spruce {Picea 

 mariana), fir balsam {Abies halsamea), paper birch {Betida papy- 

 rifera), and yellow birch {B. lutea), with a very occasional specimen 

 of white pine {Pinus strohus). The turf shores were covered with 

 the grasses and sedges common to the region. 



Sources. — The visible sources of water are five streams, two of con- 

 siderable size— the Main Inlet, or Connecticut River, at the northern 

 end of West Cove and a small stream at the northwest curve of 



