160 U.S. BUREAU OP FISHERIES 



As a result of this study it was found that in 1930 Maine byproducts 

 industries prepared manufactured and semimanufactured products 

 vakied at $238,071. These consisted of herring (sardine) meal, 

 herring oil, white-fish meal, cod and cod-liver oil, clam meal, fish glue, 

 fish scale essence, and a quantity of salted ground fish skins. In 

 addition, waste sold by canners to byproducts plants and pearl 

 buttons cut from imported shells were reported as bringing various 

 concerns a total of $123,374. 



Raw materials from which byproducts can be manufactured are 

 accumulated from the canning and smoking of herring; the eviscera- 

 tion and canning, smoking, salting, freezing, or packaging of cod, 

 haddock, hake, pollock, flounders, and cusk; the shucking and canning 

 of clams; the shucking of scallops; the picking of crabs and lobsters; 

 the smoking and salting of alewives and mackerel; and trash fish. 



The available waste material during 1930 from the various fishery 

 industries amounted to over 44,500,000 pounds. Of this approxi- 

 mately 32,000,000 pounds were utilized by the 14 fish reduction, 16 

 oil rendering, and 1 pearl essence plants operating. Two additional 

 fish reduction plants were capable of operation, but did not operate. 



The greatest portion of the waste results from the canning and 

 smoking of herring and is accumulated in Wasliington County. The 

 second important source of waste, that from ground fish, is accumu- 

 lated largely in Cumberland County along with considerable herring 

 waste. Shellfish waste is accumulated largely in Knox and Washing- 

 ton Counties. 



Maine byproducts plants are equipped for the manufacture of 

 exceptionally high quality fish meals, and facilities are adequate for 

 increased utilization of waste without additional investment. 



In general it was found that herring oil and in many cases cod and 

 cod-liver oil production methods need improvement and that clam 

 waste and fish scale waste could be used to a much greater extent. 

 In addition, cod-liver meal could be produced from "chum" from oil 

 rendering operations. 



A considerable quantity of scallop waste is available. This no 

 doubt can be converted into a useful product. Also, a small produc- 

 tion of crab scrap and lobster scrap is possible and an additional 

 market for ground fish skins from fresh waste could be had by salting 

 skins. 



It was further determined that small accumulations of ground fish 

 waste could be air-dried and that Maine fish meals due to their 

 inherent value as a feed stuft" should command a good market. 



PUBLICATIONS OF THE DIVISION 



During the calendar year 1932 the following publications were 

 prepared by members of the Division. These do not include the 

 monthly statistical bulletins of the landings of fishery products at 

 Boston and Gloucester, Mass., Portland, Maine, and Seattle, Wash., 

 nor the monthly reports on cold-storage holdings of frozen fish and 

 quantities of fish frozen. The report entitled, "Studies in Crab 

 Canning" was a contribution to the Bureau by Kokichi Oshima, of 

 Japan. The fishery documents, reports, and circulars may be pur- 

 chased at the prices shown from the Superintendent of Documents, 

 Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. The statistical bulle- 



