8 HABITS OF THE 
INSECT LARV®—Continued. 
Diptera larye—Continued. 
C. nigricans, 1, April. 
C. tentans, 2, November, December. 
C. viridis, 5, August. 
Corethra punctipennis, 20, all year. 
Cricotopus trifasciatus, 1, May. 
Orthocladius, sp.?, 3, February. 
Palpomyia longipennis, 6, June-August. 
Probezzia glaber, 7, May. 
P. pallida, 18, May—July. 
Protenthes culiciformis, 1, May. 
Tanypus, sp.?, 11, June, July. 
T. carneus, 1, August. 
Mit, decoloratus, 6, November, February. 
T. monilis, 3, July, August. 
Tanytarsus gregarius, 14 (1.1), October. 
Coleoptera larve, 2, August. 
Dytiscid larve, 2, August. 
Hphemerig nymphs, 54 (3.8), April—Octo- 
er 

May-fly nymphs, unidentified, 9, April— 
October. 
Betis, sp.?, 1 A 
Beotiscd, Sp. Ly 1b (2. 1), February—Octo- 
Cenis diminuta, 16, May—August. 
Callibeetis, sp. iB 10, April—August. 
Ephemerella, sp.?, 8, April—July. 
Ephemerid, sp.?, 1, May. 
Heptagenia, sp.?, 1, July. 
Siphlurus, sp.?, 1, April. 
Hemiptera nymphs, 12, May—August. 
Corixa nymphs, 10, May— August. 
Notonecta nymphs, 2 a May. 
Lepidoptera larve, 1, June. 
enon ate nymphs, 28 (2), March—Novem- 
er 
Damsel-fly nymphs, 4, August—Novem- 
ber. 
Celethemis eponina, 1, April. 
Enallagma, sp. ?, 2° July. 
EK. antennatum, 2, June. 
EK. Hageni, 10, April—August. 
Ischneura verticalis, 8, March-Novem- 
Detsheptern larve, 3, April, August. 
Caddis fly, sp. cd at: August. 
Hydrophilus, sp.?, 1, August. 
Setodis grandis, 1, April. 
INSECT PUPM, 126 (12.2), April—October. 
Unidentified chironomid, 72 (9.5), April— 
September. 
Chironomus decorus, 11, May—August. 
C. fulviventris, 3, May, June. 
C. lobiferus, 3, August, October. 
Leptocerus, sp.?, 1, June. 
Palpomyia, sp.?, 1, June. 
Tanypus, sp. ?, 9, May, June. 
ADULT INSECTS, 21 (2.4), May-September. 
Unidentified insects, 1, June. 
Beetle, sp.?, 1, May. 
BLACK CRAPPIE. 
ADULT INSECTS—Continued. 
Corixa, sp.?, 15, March—September. 
Heptagenia, sp. V2 1, August. 
Melanoplus bivittatus, 2, August. 
M. femur aa 1, August. 
Moth, sp.?, 1, 
Probezzia pallida, 5, October. 
Protenthes, sp.?, 1, ‘August. 
Sminthurus, sp.?, 3, April, October. 
Cordylura, Sp. re ‘October. 
ARACHNIDA, 12, May—July. 
Unidentified mites, 7, May, June. 
Limnesia histrionica, 5, July. 
AMPHIPoDA, 88 (7.4), ‘all eae 
Dikerogammarus fasciatus, 8 (1.4), Feb- 
ruary, June, August. 
Gammarus limnzus, 6 (1.2), February, 
March. 
Hyalella, 54 (4. 8), all year. 
ENTOMOSTRACA, 209 (43.7), all year. 
Cladocera, 171 (21.2), April—November. 
Bosmina longirostris cornuta, 3, April— 
August. 
Ceriodaphnia quadrangula, 5, May, Au- 
gust. 
Chydorus sphericus, 28, August—De- 
cember. 
eg ee sp.?, 738 (10.1), April—-—Novem- 
er. 
D. hyalina, 19 (3.5), June—October. 
D. pulex, 17 (2.4), June, July. 
Eurycercus lamellatus, 29 (1.4), April— 
November. 
Leptodora hyalina, 30 (2.5), June—No- 
vember. 
Pleuroxus procurvatus, 3, July, October. 
Simocephalus vetulus, 4, July, August, 
December. 
Copepoda, 119 (19.4), all year. 
Canthocamptus, 19 (3.1), October. 
Cyclops, sp.?, 48 (13.3), all year. 
C. bieuspidatus, 54 (2. 3), all year. 
C. fuseus, 2, February. 
C. serrulatus, 5, February, March, April. 
Diaptomus oregonensis, 1, October. 
Ostracoda, 48 (3.1), all year. 
Mouuusca, 1, March. 
Planorbis, 1, March. 
GorDIUS, 2, "August, September. 
PLANTS, 31, February—October. 
Unidentified remains, 7, April-September. 
Alge, 21, February—October. 
Filamentous alge, 17, February—Octo- 
ber. 
Nostoc?, 1, October. 
Spirogyra, 1, April. 
Volvox, 1, ane ae 
Ceratophyllum, 1 , August. 
Wolffia, 3, April, "August. 
DgpRIS, 13, April—October. 
CaCOz CRY STALS, 4, February, March. 
The constituents of the food clearly indicate the food preferences 
and feeding habits of the crappie. 
appear to be justified : 
The following generalizations 
1. The most important foods are insects (38.6 per cent), particu- 
larly immature stages; cladocerans (21.2 per cent) ; copepods (19.4 
per cent) ; amphipods (7. 4 per cent) ; and fish (6.4 per cent). 
2. Crappies do not feed much on the bottom. This is indicated 
by the scarcity of such foods as bottom mud, ostracods, oligochetes, 
and insect larve like Chironomus tentans, which typically live on or 
near the bottom and are abundant in Lake Wingra. The crappie 
differs from the perch in this respect (Pearse and Achtenberg, 
forthcoming report). 
3. Crappies feed among aquatic vegetation in the open water and 
to some extent even at the surface. The chironomid larve occurring 
