14 FISHES IN RELATION TO MOSQUITO CONTROL. 
February 25, 1916. It has been shown in this paper that a small 
number of minnows freed badly infested pools of mosquito larve in 
a short time; also that they destroyed the mosquito larve in ponds 
and kept the ponds free of the aquatic stages of the mosquito, unless 
protection was provided by plants or débris. From the knowledge 
which has thus been gained we may conclude that, if a pond furnishes 
little or no protection for mosquito larve, a small number of top 
minnows is sufficient, but if it does furnish protection a much larger 
number is desirable. Antimosquito work, however, may be started 
with a very small number of Gambusia, for this fish multiplies rapidly. 
There appears to be no danger of overstocking, as observations indi- 
cate that the more fish a pond supports the more certain are the 
practical results. 
OTHER SPECIES OF FISHES IN RELATION TO ANTIMOSQUITO WORK, 
No special experiments were conducted with other species of 
fishes in relation to mosquito control, but some information was 
gained from incidental observations. 


Fundulus nottii. 
The “star-headed minnow,” Fundulus nottit (Agassiz), is prob- 
ably of considerable value in antimalarial work. Its habits are very 
similar to those of Gambusia, for it feeds at the surface and frequents 
localities suitable for the support of mosquito larve. Its habits 
certainly are such that it is worthy of a trial. This fish occurred 
in a few ponds in the protected area, but as Gambusia was also 
present, nothing definite in regard to their value could be learned 
from these sources. This species, however, was very abundant and 
Gambusia scarce in a lake located just off the Old Savannah Road, 
about 8 miles distant from Augusta, belonging to the Carmichael 
Hunting Club. This lake apparently offered excellent conditions 
for the support of Anopheles larve, but during two visits when sev- 
eral hundred yards of shore edge margined with considerable vege- 
tation were examined only a very few larvee were seen. The scarcity 
of mosquito larvee was very probably due to the presence of F. 
nottii, unless this pond should happen to be one of those in which 
mosquitoes do not oviposit for reasons unknown. 
Several species of sunfishes have been mentioned by authors in 
connection with antimosquito work, but the writer’s observations 
indicate that they are of doubtful value. For example, one large 
pond supplied with bream, warmouth, and the blue-spotted sunfish 
supported large numbers of mosquito larve of both types, and top 
