316 U. S. BUREAU OF FISHERIES 



devoted to fishing is included in the shore or vessel fisheries. If a 

 wholesale business is conducted with no manufacturing and the 

 business is so small that the full time of one man over the whole year 

 or season is not required, it is then disregarded as a wholesale business. 

 If commodities other than fishery products are handled the persons 

 engaged, and salaries and wages paid, are prorated; and only that 

 part concerned with fishery products is included. If such a firm 

 requires less than the full time of one man over the whole year or 

 season and if it does not manufacture, it is not included in the can- 

 vass. Retail firms that manufacture or whose wholesale business 

 exceeds the retail part are included. Persons or firms engaged in 

 the motor trucking of fishery products are included as wholesalers 

 if they are engaged in wholesale buying and selling. 



Buyers for a central firm are not canvassed as wholesale dealers 

 unless they ship direct to the firms' customers from the buying point. 



Fishermen or fishing concerns, except manufacturers, who do not 

 buy fishery products are not included under this heading except that 

 oyster-shucking firms are included provided shuckers are employed 

 and irrespective of whether all or part of the oysters used are taken 

 from the firms' privately owned beds. 



Manufacturing concerns include those which prepare packaged 

 fishery products; salted, spiced, smoked, dried, or otherwise cured 

 fishery products; canned fishery products; or fishery byproducts. 



Fishermen who manufacture are surveyed to obtain the number 

 of persons so employed and the volume and value of the products 

 prepared. 



In collecting statistics of manufacturing firms the agents obtain 

 data on the production for each plant in producing areas of products 

 as marketed by the plant. Such products are usually "final" and 

 in form for consumption; however, the products may be "intermedi- 

 ate" and require further processing before reaching the consumer 

 markets. An outstanding example of an intermediate product is 

 green-salted ground fish which almost invariably is further processed 

 before final marketing. In reviewing the statistics of manufactured 

 products it should be observed that intermediate products are 

 not shown where they are prepared to the final stage in the original 

 plant. An exception to this rule, however, is in the case of the 

 production of mUd-cured salmon which on account of its importance 

 is shown in its entirety whether further processed in the producing 

 plant or not. In this connection it should also be stated that several 

 of the byproducts for which statistics are shown may be intermediate 

 and the plants producing the final product are not surveyed by this 

 Bureau. Outstanding among such products are marine-animal oils 

 and fish scrap and meal. 



Statistics of persons engaged in wholesale and manufacturing- 

 establishments are reported in three groups: Proprietors, salaried 

 employees, and wage earners. 



Proprietors represent those persons who devote their time to the 

 conduct of the eaterprise and receive their compensation in the form 

 of profits. Managers of branch houses are not classified as pro- 

 prietors. 



Salaried employees usually include those persons paid by the week 

 or month while wage earners usually consist of those paid on a per 

 diem or piece-work basis. This, however, is not true in all cases^, 



