A MANUAL OF FISH-OULTURE, BASED ON THE METHODS OF 

 THE UNITED STATES COMMISSION OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



INTRODUCTION. 



The work of tlie United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries 

 is carried on at twenty-five stations or hatcheries located at suitable 

 places throughout the country. At Woods Hole and Gloucester, Massa- 

 chusetts, cod, mackerel, lobster, and other important marine species are 

 propagated and the fry are deposited on the natural spawning- grounds 

 along the coast. At Battle Creek, Baird, and Hoopa Valley in Califor- 

 nia, at Clackamas in Oregon, and Little White Salmon River in Wash- 

 ington, the eggs of the Pacific salmon are collected and hatched, and 

 the fiy are planted on tbe spawning-beds in the neighboring streams. 

 The Atlantic and landlocked salmons are cultivated in Maine at Craig 

 Brook and Green Lake to restock the depleted streams and lakes of 

 New England and northern New York. On the Great Lakes at Cape 

 Vincent, New York ; Put-in Bay, Ohio ; Alpena, Michigan, and Duluth, 

 Minnesota, the work is with whitefish and lake trout, in order to sustain 

 the gTcat commercial fisheries conducted for those species. Hatcheries 

 in the interior at St. Johnsbury, Vermont; Wytheville, Virginia; 

 North ville, Michigan ; Manchester, Iowa; Bozeman, Montana; Neosho, 

 Missouri; Quincy, Illinois; San Marcos, Texas, and Leadville, Colo- 

 rado, are devoted to the important work of maintaining in the inland 

 lakes and streams the supply of brook trout, rainbow trout, black bass, 

 crappie, and other fishes. During the spring, on the Potomac, Dela- 

 ware, and Susciuehanna rivers, shad are hatched and are distributed 

 in suitable streams along the Atlantic Coast. 



For the distribution of fish and eggs the Commission has four cars 

 sjiecially equipped with tanks, air-circulating apparatus, and other 

 appliances. 



In the prosecution of marine work three vessels are used, the steamers 

 Albatross and Fish Raivk, and a schooner, the Grampus. The Albatross 

 is fitted with appliances for deep-sea dredging and collecting work, and 

 is used for surveying and exploring ocean bottoms and investigating 

 marine life. The Fish Hatclc is in reality a floating hatchery, and is 

 engaged in hatching shad, lobsters, and mackerel, in collecting eggs, 

 and in distributing fry, besides making topographic surveys of fishing- 

 grounds, etc. 



The necessity for a handbook describing the manner of propagating 

 the different fishes reared by the United States Commission of Fish 

 and Fisheries has long been felt in the Commission, and it is thought 



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