160 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



2^ in leugtli; eye large, one-fourth length of head; head long, 3 in 

 length; profile with double curve; mouth large, snout projecting. 

 Scales on cheeks in 4 or 5 rows; scales in lateral line 30 to 48. Dorsal 

 fin smaller than anal, with 6 spines and 15 rays, the spinous part the 

 shorter; anal with 6 spines and 18 rays; dorsal and anal fins very 

 high. Color silvery white or olive, with mottlings of dark green ; the 

 markings mostly on upx)er part of body and tending to form narrow, 

 irregular vertical bars; dorsal and caudal fins with dark markings; 

 anal nearly plain. 



Calico hass : Similar in form to crapxjie, but the body shorter, back 

 more elevated, and profile of head straighter; dei^th, one-half length; 

 head one-third length; mouth smaller than in crapine; snont less pro- 

 jecting. Six rows of scales on cheeks, and 40 to 45 along lateral line. 

 Dorsal and anal fins higher than in crappie ; dorsal spines 7 or 8, rays 15 ; 

 anal spines C, rays 17 or 18. Color, light silvery- green, with dark-green 

 irregular mottlings over entire body; dorsal, caudal, and anal fins with 

 dark-olive reticulations surrounding pale areas; whole body sometimes 

 with a delicate x^ink reflection (whence the name strawberry bass). 



lioclc bass : Body oblong, compressed, back moderately elevated ; 

 depth 2 to 2J in length ; head large, 2| in length ; eye very large, 3^ 

 in head. Scales 5-39-12, in G to 8 rows on cheeks. Dorsal fin much 

 larger than anal, with 11 spines and 10 rays; anal, with 6 spines and 

 10 rays. Opercle ending in two flat points; gillrakers less than 10. 

 Color olive-green, with brassy reflections; young irregularly barred 

 and blotched with black; adult with a dark spot at base of each scale, 

 forming interrupted and inconspicuous stripes; a black spot on opercle; 

 anal, caudal, and soft dorsal fins with dark mottlings. 



The most reliable character for distinguishing the large-mouth from 

 the small-mouth bass is the number of rows of scales on the cheeks. 

 The colors of each species vary with age and the size of the mouth 

 varies with the size of the fish, but the scales are constant under all 

 conditions. With the craj^pies, the leading differential feature is the 

 number of dorsal spines. 



By reason of their wide geographical range, the black basses have 

 received a multiplicity of popular names. The large-mouth black bass 

 is known as Oswego bass, lake bass, green bass, yellow bass, moss 

 bass, bayou bass, trout, jumper, chub, and welchman. In the North it 

 is generally called black bass; in Virginia and North Carolina it is 

 usually designated as the chub, and in Florida and the Soirthern States 

 it is often called trout. The small-mouth black bass has received the 

 common names of lake bass, brown bass, ninny bass, hog bass, black 

 perch (used in the mountain sections of Virginia, Tennessee, and North 

 Carolina} trout perch, brown trout, jumper, niouoitain trout, together 

 with other names of purely local use. 



Sock bass are variously known as red-eye, red-eye perch, aiTd goggle- 

 eye, and are sometimes confounded with the warmouth {Chcenobryttus 

 gulosus), which bears some of the same common names. 



