FISHERY INDUSTRIES OF THE UNITED STATES, 1936 23. 
PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES 
Previous pharmacological studies by our staff have shown that the 
arsenic which occurs in shrimp is in a stable undissociated organic 
state. It is readily soluble in water and is rapidly eliminated by the 
kidneys. Further studies on the nature of this compound are being 
continued with the cooperation of Dr. C. W. Colver, Professor of 
organic chemistry at Kansas State College, who is attempting to isolate 
and identify this compound. 
PRESERVATION OF FISHERY BYPRODUCTS 
As in previous years, during 1936 there was great demand for infor- 
mation on the manufacture and utilization of byproducts from fish 
waste and other waste materials resulting from our harvest of products 
from the sea. During this past year, investigations concerning the 
preservation of fishery byproducts were carried on in our Seattle 
technological laboratory under the supervision of R. W. Harrison, 
associate technologist in charge, with the assistance of A. W. Anderson, 
assistant technologist, and Leslie Lowen, Richard Crosby, and Robert 
Rucker, research associates and student assistants; and in our College 
Park technological laboratory under the supervision of James M. 
Lemon, associate technologist in charge, with the assistance of 5. R. 
Pottinger, junior technologist, M. E. Stansby, junior chemist, Joseph 
E. Puncochar, junior bacteriologist, and Harold E. Crowther, R. H. 
Flowers, and C. E. Swift, research associates and student assistants. 
Mr. Crowther is a bacteriologist and Messrs. Flowers and Swift are 
chemists, employed by the Aquacide Co., Washington, D. C., and 
assigned in a cooperative investigation to the Bureau’s laboratories. 
UTILIZATION OF SALMON CANNERY TRIMMINGS 
In view of the importance of the problem surrounding the profitable 
use of salmon trimmings which has been mentioned in previous reports, 
the Bureau has continued its studies on ways and means of assisting 
the salmon industry toward greater and more profitable utilization 
of this material. Our investigations are demonstrating that the poten- 
tialities of the products obtainable from salmon trimmings are not 
fully appreciated and indicate the need for a further educational 
program. The value of fats and oils to consuming industries is in- 
fluenced by their biological, physical, and chemical properties. Thus 
oils rich in vitamins are eligible and in demand for consumption in 
human and animal nutrition, in contrast with oils not possessing these 
properties. Likewise a certain industry may require fats and oils 
having a high iodine number while an oil not possessing this property 
may be of equal utility to another industry. More complete knowledge 
of the properties of salmon oils will not only serve in directing them 
into the most useful field of consumption but may also suggest new 
uses for them. 
A study of the vitamin content of oils from cannery trimmings of 
salmon from the Columbia River and Puget Sound regions reveals that 
salmon oils are equal or superior to cod-liver oil as sources of vitamins 
A and D for human and animal nutrition. This work was done in 
cooperation with Dr. Arthur D. Holmes of the E. L. Patch Co., Boston, 
Mass. Another report is being prepared in which salmon wastes from 
Alaska cannery operations are evaluated as sources of vitamins. 
