530 u - s - BUREAU OF FISHERIES 



private freezers, where the goods are held for a favorable market, 

 the storage space may be the limit to the amount of business possible. 



The sharp freezers, engine room, receiving, washing space, and 

 clerk's office usually are located on the first floor. In some freezers 

 in New England that freeze much herring for bait the receiving 

 space is on the top floor and the sharp freezers are situated im- 

 mediately under the receiving floor, in which several hatchways are 

 provided. The herring are hoisted from the boats to the top floors, 

 whence they are dumped through the hatches on wooden flakes in 

 the sharp freezers. 



The mistake frequently is made in freezer designs of allowing too 

 little space for receiving, washing, panning, and other operations 

 carried on in the open. Space may look large on a blue print 

 but turn out to be too small when occupied by trucks, washing 

 trough, empty pans, barrels, and boxes, when several men must work 

 expeditiously, not only in washing and panning but also in packing 

 and stenciling boxes. 



The glazing room should be situated preferably on the route from 

 sharp freezer to storage rooms. In many cases it is situated adjacent 

 to the sharp freezers and serves a double purpose as glazing room 

 and anteroom for the sharp freezers. In some cases it is on one of 

 the upper floors. Ample room should be provided for shooks and, 

 where advisable, a nailing machine. 



In localities where conditions warrant it, a room held at about 

 32 to 35° for short-term storage of fresh, mild cured, and smoked 

 fish, is profitable, often more so than the same amount of any other 

 kind of space during the summer season. It is a common practice 

 to provide such rooms with two or more sets of refrigeration coils. 

 In winter months all coils are in use and the room is held at cold- 

 storage temperature, while in summer part of the coils are closed, 

 and enough are kept in use to provide a cool temperature. Because 

 of the necessity of quick turnovers, often this room is on the ground 

 floor. 



Elevators should be of ample size and carrying capacity to accom- 

 modate trucks heavily loaded. Especial care should be exercised to have 

 all elevator doors air-tight, because if not tight they permit a down- 

 ward flow of the tall column of cold air in the shaft with consequent 

 serious loss of refrigeration. 



INSULATION 



Some freezers are of frame construction insulated with sawdust. 

 Lith and other materials frequently are used. Without a doubt cork 

 is the most satisfactory insulating material we have. It is used best 

 in connection with brick or concrete construction, though when prop- 

 erly protected with waterproofing materials is quite satisfactory in 

 frame structures. Either excess or deficiency of cork insulation is 

 false economy. Too little cork is wasteful of refrigeration and 

 makes the maintenance of a proper temperature difficult. Where 

 more than enough is used, depreciation and interest on investment 

 more than equal the expense for refrigeration saved. 



