392 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
one net after another, but was finally entangled and secured. His body was then 
dragged by the victorious people on shore and burned to ashes, but a certain dog got 
hold of his tongue and after eating a portion dropped the remainder into the river. 
The spirit of the man-eater revived again and, as a tongue, now restored and 
alive, made its way to the coasts of Maui and Hawaii, pleading with the sharks of 
those waters for vengeance upon the sharks of the Ewa Lagoon. They meantime 
secured the aid of Kuhaimoana and other notable sharks from the islands of Kaula, 
Niihau, Kauai, and Oahu. 
A grand sight it was to the numerous spectators on shore when these mighty hosts 
joined combat and began the great shark war. It was a contest of gods and heroes 
whose exploits and deeds of valor have long been the theme of the bards of the 
Hawaiian Islands. Wecan not enter into the details of this story, which, if wrought 
out, would be worthy of being called an epic. We will only say that in the first great 
battle the friends and allies of the cruel man-eater were routed by the superior force 
of their opponents, while the good Kaahupahau and her brother long continued to 
enjoy the affectionate worship of their grateful people. It is said that she is now 
dead, while her brother Kahi’ukd still lives in his old cave in the sea, where he was 
visited from time to time by his faithful kahu, Kimona, now deceased. Sometimes 
Kimona missed his fish nets, when he was pretty sure to find that Kahi’ukd had car- 
ried them to a place of safety, to preserve them from destruction by hostile sharks. 
By some authorities Kaahupahau is represented as the mother of Kah’uka, but as 
there is always an uncertainty in these matters of shark relationship I will not 
attempt to settle the point. 
When we reflect on the amphibious habits of the Hawaiians and their familiarity 
with and exposure to the dangers of the sea, itis no longer a matter of surprise that 
they should propitiate certain sharks, and cultivate the pleasantest relations with 
them, as a defense against other sharks with whom they may not be on friendly 
terms. 
Apukohai and Uhumkaikai were eyil shark gods who infested the 
waters of Kauai, and fishermen were compelled to propitiate these 
with offerings. Ukanipo was the shark god of the island of Hawaii. 
The leho (cowry) was also a beneficent ‘‘aumakua.” During the 
reign of Umi, on Hawaii, over four hundred years ago, the discovery 
was made of the attraction the cowry had for the hee (octopus), and to 
this day it is quite generally used in fishing for the latter. The leho 
will also help its devotee to shore should he be shipwrecked. Should 
the keeper of a shark god send him on an errand of mischief to one 
who has a leho god, the leho will blind the shark by clinging to his 
eyes so that he can not do any harm. 
One of the commonest mollusks around the islands is the opihi 
(limpet). This is sometimes an. ‘‘aumakua” to a few people, and 
defends its followers against sharks in the same manner as the leho. 
It is also supposed to calm the raging surf, thus aiding the fishermen 
in bringing their canoes to the shore in safety. 
An ‘‘aumakua” of evil was the enuhe (worm). He was supposed to 
be a monster living in a cave in the district of Kau, on Hawaii. He 
fell in love with the daughter of a prominent chief, and would visit her 
in the evening when his real character could not be discerned. When 
the fraud was discovered her friends resolved upon his destruction, 
and with her help succeeded in their design. From his dead body the 
