406 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
When the lau is all paid out the two leading canoes then curve in to form a semi- 
circie, at the same time always moving toward the shore. Whena perfect semicircle 
has been made by the lau the double canoes and al! the others move gradually for- 
ward with it, while the leading canoes are pulling with ail their might straight into 
the shore. When either end is landed the men immediately leap out, and taking 
hold of the line pull on it, at the same time going toward each other, which has the 
effect of narrowing the semicircle, whilst most of the canoes keep backing on to the 
doubte canoe, which always keeps the center. Arrived at a suitable place, always a 
clean, sandy one a few rods from shore, the laus are untied and attached to each end 
of the papanet. Men, women, and children now gather closely on the lau, especially 
where it joins the net, and make a great disturbance with their feet, which drives 
all the fish into the net. Lau and net are finally drawn ashore. 
Lau Kapalili (trembling leaves) fishing can only be carried on on a clear, bright, 
sunny day, so that the shadows cast by the leaves can be seen and serve to drive 
the fish inland. 
DIP AND SCOOP NETS. 
It is frequently difficult to distinguish between a dip net and a bag 
net, as certain forms of each are very similar in construction and 
methods of operation, and in some cases an arbitrary distinction has 
been made. 
In fishing for maikoiko, a dip net about 6 feet deep and 4 feet in 
diameter is used. A bag of bait tied to the end of a stick is pushed 
into the water near the holes in which the fish live, and when they 
are drawn out by the scent of the bait the dip net is carefully slipped 
under the bait and fishes and then raised up slowly until it reaches the 
surface, when it is lifted or drawn ashore. 
Another method is to chew up bread fruit and taro and spit these 
upon the surface of the water. As this slowly sinks below the surface 
the fish are attracted in large numbers and fall easy victims when the 
dip net is slipped below them and then quickly raised to the surface. 
A common form of dip or scoop net, which is generally used in 
removing fish from seines and bag nets, is made by bending a flexible 
piece of wood into an oval shape and tying the ends together at the 
junction. To this the net, which has a bag about 2 feet deep, much 
narrower at the bottom than at the top, is attached. When not in use 
the lower end of the bag is left open, but when used it is gathered 
together and tied with a piece of twine. 
On Kauai a dip net with a bag about 2 feet deep, attached to an iron 
ring 2 feet in diameter, is used in catching papai or crabs. This net 
is attached to a long pole by means of four ropes running from the 
ring to a common center about 2 feet above the ring, and thence by a 
single rope. The bait is either tied to a rope attached to and hanging 
down a short distance below the junction of the four ropes, or else 
weighted down in the bottom of the net. April, May, and June are the 
principal months for this style of fishing. It is usually done at night. 
Somewhat similar dip nets are occasionally employed in tishing for ula 
(crawfish). 
