COMMERCIAL FISHERIES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 425 
14. Mix with fruit of mokihana, which grows on Kauai. 
15. Mix with a few drops of brandy or other intoxicating liquors. 
16. The same with Perry Davis pain killer. 
17. The same with kerosene oil. 
18. The same with tobacco juice. 
19. The same with juice from ahuhu seeds. 
20. Mix with salt and coal from burning a little mahuna kapa. 
21. Mix with salt and coal from the sugar cane of the variety known as ainako. 
22. Salt the alaala hehe before roasting. 
The bait, when prepared, is applied to the tip of the hook and is 
very attractive to fish. Fishes caught with it are usually small ones 
found near shore. 
In fishing for opelu, cooked squash, pumpkin, papaia, and bananas, 
also fish ground up fine and mixed with sand, are employed. 
The following additional varieties of bait are used in fishing for 
different species: Kukui and cocoanut meat baked together in equal 
quantities, chewed bread fruit and taro, opai dried and pounded, wana 
with shell broken to expose the meat, half-roasted sweet potatoes, raw 
ripe papaia, pounded papai, fresh and dried opai, earthworms, opihi, 
the gall of the hee, puhi pounded up fine with sand, nehu, iiao, akule, 
scraps of meat, fish heads, ete. 
Bait bowes.—As live bait is generally used in the fisheries, suitable 
boxes for keeping it are necessary. The following are the styles in 
general vogue: 
When two canoes are joined together for the aku fishing, a bait box 
about 20 feet long, 2 feet high the whole length, and about 16 inches 
wide in the center, and running to a sharp point at each end, is used. 
It is perforated with numerous small holes on both sides for the free 
admission of water. When ready to leave for the fishing-grounds the 
fishermen swing this box beneath the cross-pieces holding the two 
canoes together and lash it there. In this position about two-thirds 
of the box is under water. On the return homeward, as it is empty, 
the box is unlashed and placed on top of the cross pieces, thus making 
it easier to carry, as it does not impede the progress of the canoe as 
when swung below. When the aku fishing is over it is either 
hauled out on the land until the next season, or moored close to shore 
in a sheltered position and used for keeping bait in temporarily, but 
is not taken out to the grounds, as it is too big and unwieldy for one 
canoe to handle. Much smaller boxes of the same general style are 
frequently employed, also square and oblong boxes of varying sizes, 
perforated, or with slats set close together. 
The Japanese frequently use small boxes about a foot long by 5 
inches wide by 8 inches deep, perforated on the sides and ends with 
small holes. These are attached to the boat by a short piece of twine 
and allowed to tow alongside. 
Some of the Japanese also use one of the smaller of the wells in the 
bottom of their sampans for carrying the bait. 
