444 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 
The United States have always led in the matter of imports, San 
Francisco of late years being the principal port from which goods 
were shipped from the United States to the islands. Previous to the 
opening of the transcontinental railroads most of the shipments came 
either by vessel to Colon, thence by rail across the Isthmus of Panama, 
and by vessel from there to the islands, or by means of vessels which 
‘ame around the Horn. Many of the whalers which rendezvoused at 
the islands previous to 1875 also brought out considerable cargoes of 
general merchandise, including cod, mackerel, and other products of 
the New England fisheries, which met with a ready sale or barter to 
the natives and the white people settled on the group. 
On January 30, 1875, a reciprocity treaty between the Hawaiian 
Kingdom and the United States was signed. This treaty went into 
effect September 1, 1876, and was to continue in force for seven years, 
and for twelve months after notice of its termination. By its terms 
in compensation for the free entry to the United States of certain 
natural products of the islands, notably sugar, the government per- 
mitted the free entry, among many other articles, of fishery products 
of American origin. As the same products from other countries were 
compelled to pay anad valorem duty of 10 per cent, this gave the 
United States an immense advantage. By mutual consent this treaty 
continued in force until the islands were annexed to the United States 
on June 14, 1900. The treaty proved of great mutual benefit. For 
some few years previous to 1876 the sugar industry of the islands 
had been languishing on account of the duty imposed by the United 
States on shipments to that country from the islands. As a result of 
this depressed condition and the consequent inability of the people to 
buy imported goods, shipments of dried and salted fishery products 
dropped off until in 1876 they amounted to only $17,891.81. Under 
reciprocity the imports rapidly increased until in 1899 they amounted 
to $120,374.83, the greater part of which came from the United States. 
The following table shows the value of dried and salted fish imported 
into the islands from 1865 to June 14, 1900: 






Value of dry lvalue of dry 
Years. and salt fish Years. and salt fish 
imported, imported. 
ICG a as See Dee Ops ea OR aD a ee $83 224) 630| | L8S4os: 2 pace Set ees oe $74, 751. 85 
SGC Pane o cies me ation ea ae eae 317609504.;||1885o 525. cancmscnenee emer ten. senor eee 70, 977. 04 
ABGRieee sett etek ee bd Zeon ela see AT 800461 ||| 88625555 osaasvene oe ee eee ee eee | 97, 148. 12 
1 lf jap sence See crest ere em ee ea ae 2311025569: |||) V887ac ssscce cco ce ee ete ee eee 96, 759. 83 
USGS eee sae a eee bys cok Gomer omnes 20903; 08%|| 1888. S42. 5.¢e-omeeoe eres ee 88, 673.17 
aU SH Over. te te = ee See ee 395463. 0) 889- 2 ae ae eee eee e eee eee eee 90, 555. 23 
Ibs 7h Se ee eee Ae ee Oe OE ae 325439) Di 18008. on} evans 3 oop eee Me eee ree 105, 962. 91 
WB Dies sain ae oe neces ee eee ec aaeee eee 198420°60) || S89U Ss sete cee eee aaeeCeeeaee eee 102, 073. 65 
SOT ee Sees fe Ce kee ee ee geen 18) 3885/52) ||) 18925 222 ese Se Bac eee cena eens 78, 839. 93 
NS PARR Ro Deletes Sicha atest eve ee PSF 524590 ||| 1898s 020 Ss ecios ac cine ae ee ee Ree 89, 865. 02 
AL RD aed ors ates cies wt cys be pee M4 STA) W804 esas 75 yeaa Be seers tee ee ete 89, 270. 24 
UOT Besier reties seine Sar ciclatan oe etn eRe, ESOL ST" || V89D so a eae ac eee eee Scene er | 66, 780. 80 
SES ers eae Pe OE 5 eer Seine 26:594.:82: ||| 1896... 2 -<.235--2.- Sees tte ee eee 80, 341. 34 
WS 18 mee eras aeicecis bene asine ete 2 ee A206; 950" \C 1897 2% 2 a nome a eee ate ie eee eee 109, 827. 68 
S79 = seseee Deena ee tt Sp REN Ee ae 66;:973893:\|| 1898. 224 a2. So-eeece eee net eee. } 96, 670. 23 
OBO ican a wre acineicm we cies Sais cisions SDS2763702: || 1899 5. c- 100 cone eee aoe ae eenios | 120, 374. 83 
NSS IE cee pee ee ete tess Soka cites 688576295.) W900(tor dune d4))s see esse see 59, 820. 27 
TSB 2 eis faye ae clsieeine ae rats ajaereicis Sele mcie 65, 701. 27 —— 
W883i on 5.20 tea scemeece ete ok eet ose 96, 630. 12 TOA] cers doessceae cee eeeeecee | 2, 268, 129. 98 



